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. 2023 Aug 24;10:1247354. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1247354

Table 2.

Associations between abnormal BMI and HRQoL impairments at baseline.

BMI categories
Normal weight
(N = 854)
Underweight
(N = 76)
Pre-obese
(N = 427)
Obese
(N = 295)
EQ-5D mobility
Level 2 + Level 3 297 + 5 = 302
(35.4%)
25 + 1 = 26
(34.2%)
200 + 1 = 201
(47.1%)
173 + 1 = 174
(58.9%)
Unadj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 0.95 (0.58–1.56);
p = 0.840
1.63 (1.28–2.06);
p < 0.001
2.63 (2.00–3.45);
p < 0.001
Adj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 1.04 (0.62–1.71);
p = 0.874
1.42 (1.11–1.82);
p = 0.005
2.09 (1.57–2.79);
p < 0.001
EQ-5D self-care
Level 2 + Level 3 123 + 5 = 128
(15.0%)
16 + 1 = 17
(22.1%; N = 77)
87 + 1 = 88
(20.7%; N = 426)
72 + 5 = 77
(26.2%; N = 294)
Unadj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 1.61 (0.91–2.84);
p = 0.100
1.48 (1.09–1.99);
p = 0.011
2.01 (1.46–2.77);
p < 0.001
Adj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 1.71 (0.93–3.01);
p = 0.074
1.30 (0.95–1.77);
p = 0.099
1.63 (1.15–2.28):
p = 0.005
EQ-5D usual activities
Level 2 + Level 3 404 + 22 = 426
(50.0%; N = 852)
36 + 2 = 38
(49.4%; N = 77)
237 + 16 = 253
(59.4%; N = 426)
197 + 18 = 215
(72.9%)
Unadj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 0.97 (0.61–1.55);
p = 0.913
1.46 (1.16–1.85);
p = 0.002
2.69 (2.01–3.59);
p < 0.001
Adj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 1.06 (0.65–1.73);
p = 0.811
1.26 (0.98–1.61);
p = 0.070
2.04 (1.50–2.78);
p < 0.001
EQ-5D pain/discomfort
Level 2 + Level 3 580 + 60 = 640
(75.2%; N = 851)
58 + 3 = 61
(79.2%; N = 77)
306 + 50 = 356
(83.2%; N = 428)
220 + 46 = 266
(89.9%; N = 296)
Unadj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 1.26 (0.71–2.23);
p = 0.433
1.63 (1.21–2.19);
p = 0.001
2.92 (1.94–4.40);
p < 0.001
Adj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 1.50 (0.85–2.78);
p = 0.181
1.30 (0.96–1.78);
p = 0.099
1.87 (1.23–2.91);
p = 0.004
EQ-5D anxiety/depression
Level 2 + Level 3 404 + 47 = 451
(52.7%; N = 855)
33 + 4 = 37
(48.1%; N = 77)
209 + 27 = 236
(55.1%; N = 428)
162 + 17 = 179
(60.7%)
Unadj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 0.83 (0.60–1.32);
p = 0.429
1.10 (0.87–1.39);
p = 0.418
1.38 (1.06–1.81);
p = 0.018
Adj. OR (95% CI) Ref. 0.82 (0.51–1.31);
p = 0.404
1.09 (0.86–1.39);
p = 0.485
1.34 (1.01–1.79);
p = 0.043

Data are presented as numbers (percentage). In case of missing data, the number of available observations is indicated with N. P-values were derived from logistic regression analysis. P-values < 0.05 are in bold. Adj., adjusted; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; OR, odds ratio; Ref, reference; Unadj., unadjusted.