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. 2023 Aug 31;2023:2075444. doi: 10.1155/2023/2075444

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Copyright © 2023 Vahideh Ghorani et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Possible mechanisms of antioxidant effects of P. oleracea and its constituents. ABTS: antioxidant capacity determined by radical cation; FRAP: ferric-reducing antioxidant power; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl; TEAC: Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity; CAT: catalase, SOD: superoxide dismutase, MDA: malondialdehyde; GSH: glutathione; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GR: glutathione reductase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase; GSSG: glutathione disulfide.