Table 8.

Stability data of zeta potential at room temperature (RT) and 40°C for the nanoemulsion CA-3 formulation (both blank and vitamin D₃-loaded).

Storage conditions	Zeta Potential (mV)
	Zero time	1 month	2 month	3 month
RT (Blank)	−15.32 ± 0.03	−15.36 ± 0.09	−15.41 ± 0.06	−15.36 ± 0.02	−15.36 ± 0.05a
RT (Vitamin D3-loaded)	−13.33 ± 4.50	−13.31 ± 0.01	−13.32 ± 0.02	−13.35 ± 0.00	−13.33 ± 0.03b
40°C (Blank)	−15.32 ± 0.03	−15.33 ± 0.01	−15.33 ± 0.01	−12.04 ± 4.73	−14.51 ± 0.01a
40°C (Vitamin) D3−loaded	−13.33 ± 4.50	−13.32 ± 0.01	−13.32 ± 0.02	−13.33 ± 0.01	−13.33 ± 0.03b
	−14.325 ± 0.02a	−14.333 ± 0.03a	−14.345 ± 0.04a	−13.521 ± 0.05a

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values in the same column within each parameter with different letters were significantly different from each other (p ≤ 0.05).

Mean ± SD, N = 3.