Table 2.
Patient Characteristics by EHR Network
| N3C | PCORnet | PEDSnet | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 1 783 940 | 333 642 | 106 262 |
| Age | |||
| 0–4 | — | — | 37 852 (35.62%) |
| 5–9 | — | — | 23 937 (22.53%) |
| 10–15 | — | — | 28 374 (26.7%) |
| 16–20 | — | — | 16 099 (15.15%) |
| 21–35 | 493 596 (27.67%) | 86 503 (25.93%) | — |
| 36–45 | 328 361 (18.41%) | 57 766 (17.31%) | — |
| 46–55 | 327 465 (18.36%) | 56 181 (16.84%) | — |
| 56–65 | 310 112 (17.38%) | 58 837 (17.63%) | — |
| ≥66 | 324 406 (18.18%) | 74 355 (22.29%) | — |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 678 446 (38.03%) | 133 161 (39.91%) | 54 679 (51.46%) |
| Female | 1 104 905 (61.94%) | 200 393 (60.06%) | 51 577 (48.54%) |
| Unknown | 589 (0.03%) | 88 (0.03%) | 6 (0.01%) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1 215 790 (68.15%) | 167 431 (50.18%) | 45 953 (43.24%) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 229 908 (12.89%) | 60 424 (18.11%) | 23 404 (22.02%) |
| Hispanic | 189 593 (10.63%) | 45 544 (13.65%) | 17 684 (16.64%) |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 28 251 (1.58%) | 10 881 (3.26%) | 3717 (3.5%) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | — | 533 (0.16%) | — |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | — | 834 (0.25%) | — |
| Other | 29 360 (1.65%) | 10 509 (3.15%) | 7998 (7.53%) |
| Missing/Unknown | 91 038 (5.10%) | 37 486 (11.24%) | 7506 (7.06%) |
| Hospitalization a | |||
| Hospitalized | 149 308 (8.37%) | 59,056 (17.70%) | 5009 (4.71%) |
| Hospitalized with ICU level care | 17 578 (0.99%) | 15,838 (4.75%) | 949 (0.89%) |
| Variant epoch of index infection | |||
| Alpha (Oct 1, 2020–Jun 30, 2021) | 687 524 (38.54%) | 119 952 (35.95%) | 6230 (5.86%) |
| Ancestral (Mar 1, 20/20–Sept 30, 2020) | 175 714 (9.85%) | 55 393 (16.60%) | 34 135 (32.12%) |
| Delta (Jul 1, 2021–Nov 30, 2021) | 346 083 (19.40%) | 48 562 (14.56%) | 21 661 (20.38%) |
| Omicron (Dec 1, 2021–Present) | 574 619 (32.21%) | 109 735 (32.89%) | 44 236 (41.63%) |
| PASC | |||
| Has probable PASC | 86 966 (4.87%) | 55 219 (16.55%) | 4902 (4.61%) |
| PMCA body system count b | |||
| 0 | — | — | 74 645 (70.25%) |
| 1 | — | — | 20 001 (18.82%) |
| 2 | — | — | 6187 (5.82%) |
| 3-4 | — | — | 3586 (3.37%) |
| 5-17 | — | — | 1843 (1.73%) |
| CCI scorec | — | ||
| Mean ± SD | 1.00 (1.88) | 0.52 (1.11) | — |
| Clinical conditions | |||
| Preexisting obstructive sleep apnea | 69 590 (3.90%) | 17 126 (5.13%) | 1860 (1.75%) |
| Obesityd | 458 025 (25.67%) | 102 963 (30.86%) | 16 583 (15.61%) |
| Essential hypertensione | 493 321 (27.65%) | 107 915 (32.34%) | 1292 (1.22%) |
| Diabetesf | 228 701 (12.82%) | 53 722 (16.10%) | 877 (0.83%) |
| Asthmag | — | — | 1134 (1.07%) |
Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients meeting the study inclusion criteria. CCI (Charlson Comorbidity Index).
aHospitalized with no indication of severe illness, or hospitalization with evidence of ventilation, admittance to the Intensive Care Unit, or vasopressors. Hospitalization must have taken place on the day prior through 16 days following the index event, with COVID-19 diagnosis, or other indication of active infection documented during the same timeframe.
bPediatric Medical Complexity Algorithm (PMCA) Body System Count was used as a measure of comorbidities in children.
cCCI Score was used as a measure of comorbidities in adults.
dMultiple diagnosis codes or a Body Mass Index ≥ 30 (adults), or Body Mass Index ≥ 95th percentile per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines (children), within two years prior to the index event.
eEncompasses essential hypertension in adults or children within two years prior to the index event.
fEncompasses Type 2 Diabetes in adults, and Type 1 or 2 Diabetes in children, within two years prior to the index event.
gFor pediatric patients aged ≥5 years at their most recent diagnosis or medication prescription, asthma within two years prior to the index event. Asthma status was determined using a computable phenotype described by Ashfar et al. [19] and modified for application to PEDSnet data. Patients were identified as having asthma if they met the following criteria: Either (1) asthma diagnoses on two separate dates, or (2) an asthma diagnosis code and asthma medication.