Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of OS in patients.
| Characteristic | Group A (n = 25) | Group B (n = 78) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
| HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age, years | ||||
| ≤60 | Reference | Reference | ||
| >60 | 0.756 (0.238–0.968) | 1.263 | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | ||
| Male | 0.366 (0.210–0.637) | 0.568 | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | ||||
| 2–4 | Reference | Reference | ||
| ≥4 | 1.022 (1.001–1.043) | 0.045 | 1.002 (0.951–1.055) | 0.949 |
| Tumor location | ||||
| Head | Reference | Reference | ||
| Body/Tail | 0.656 (0.321–1.575) | 0.385 | ||
| PS | ||||
| 0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 1 | 1.004 (0.998–1.01) | 0.213 | ||
| 2 | 0.956 (0.453–2.085) | 0.941 | ||
| CA 19-9 (U/ml) | ||||
| ≤37 | Reference | Reference | ||
| >37 | 1.021 (0.095–1.024) | 0.017 | 0.361 (0.142–1.015) | 0.062 |
| Preoperative therapy | ||||
| Hepaticojejunostomy | Reference | Reference | ||
| Gastrojejunostomy | 0.925 (0.625–1.417) | 0.768 | ||
| Cholecystectomy | 1.125 (0.476–2.718) | 0.754 | ||
| Chemotherapy before IRE | ||||
| Gemcitabine | Reference | Reference | ||
| S-1 | 0.685 (0.308–1.527) | 0.355 | ||
| FOLFIRINOX | 0.623 (0.256–1.424) | 0.256 | ||
| PD-L1 expression, n (%) | ||||
| Positive | Reference | Reference | ||
| Negative | 0.622 (0.309–1.435) | 0.224 | ||
| Unknown | 0.826 (0.456–1.485) | 0.525 | ||
| PD-1/L1 blockade, n (%) | ||||
| Camrelizumab | Reference | Reference | ||
| Toripalimab | 0.685 (0.389–1.225) | 0.225 | ||
| Nivolumab | 0.656 (0.245–1.428) | 0.236 | ||
| Pembrolizumab | 0.625 (0.378–1.489) | 0.356 | ||
| Atezolizumab | 1.465 (0.835–2.559) | 0.112 | ||
| Treatment | ||||
| IRE+chemotherapy | Reference | Reference | ||
| IRE+chemotherapy+PD-1/PD-L1 blockade | 2.217 (1.161–5.034) | 0.018 | 3.605 (1.417–9.175) | 0.007 |
IRE, irreversible electroporation; OS, overall survival; PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9.