Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants (n=640) with microalbuminuria <30mg/day and >30mg/day.

Values are given as n (%) unless otherwise specified.

SD: standard deviation; HbA1c: glycated haemoglobin; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; OHD: oral hypoglycaemic drugs

Characteristics	Overall (n=640)	Urine ACR or Microalbuminuria <30 mg/d (n=390)	Urine ACR or Microalbuminuria >30 mg/d (n=250)	p-value
Age (Years), mean ± SD	52.3 ± 7.7	49.2 ± 11.8	53.9 ± 6.1	0.56
Gender
Male	302 (47.1)	201 (66.6)	101 (33.4)	0.05
Female	338 (52.9)	235 (69.5)	103 (30.5)	0.08
Hypertension
Present	485 (75.7)	279 (71.6)	206 (82.4)	<0.001
Absent	155 (24.3)	111 (28.4)	44 (17.6)	<0.001
Duration of Diabetes, mean ± SD	9.6 ± 5.1	9.3 ± 4.8	10.1 ± 6.2	0.04
HbA1C%
≤ 7.0	250 (39)	172 (44.1)	78 (31.4)	<0.002
7.1-8.0	168 (26.3)	104 (26.8)	64 (25.7)	<0.002
8.1 and above	222 (34.7)	114 (29.1)	108 (42.9)	<0.001
Dyslipidemia
Present	383 (59.9)	219 (56.4)	164 (65.8)	0.001
Absent	257 (40.1)	171 (43.6)	86 (34.2)	0.08
LDL
Normal (<100 mg/dl)	444 (69.4))	269 (69)	175 (72)	0.49
High (>100 mg/dl)	196 (30.6)	121 (31)	75 (28)	0.49
Triglycerides
Normal (<150 mg/dl)	394 (61.6)	254 (65)	140 (56)	0.03
High (>150 mg/dl)	246 (38.4)	136 (35)	110 (44)	0.03
HDL
Normal (≥ 50 mg/dl)	376 (58.7)	218 (56)	158 (63)	0.06
Low (≤ 49 mg/dl)	264 (41.3)	172 (44)	92 (37)	0.06
Diabetic Retinopathy
Present	44 (6.9)	20 (5.1)	24 (9.7)	<0.002
Absent	596 (93.1)	370 (94.9)	226 (90.3)	<0.002
Peripheral Neuropathy
Present	121 (18.9)	59 (15.1)	62 (24.6)	<0.001
Absent	519 (81.1)	331 (84.9)	188 (75.4)	<0.001
Statins Use
Present	415 (64.8)	241 (61.8)	174 (69.6)	0.06
Absent	225 (35.2)	149 (38.2)	76 (30.4)	0.06
Treatment T2DM
Insulin	46 (7.2)	27 (6.9)	19 (7.6)	<0.001
OHD	368 (57.5)	245 (62.8)	123 (49.2)	<0.001
Insulin + OHD	211 (32.9)	109 (27.9)	102 (40.8)	<0.001
Diet + Exercise	15 (2.4)	9 (2.4)	06 (2.4)	0.04