Fig. 6.

CircXRN2-mediated H3K18 lactylation promotes tumor progression in human bladder cancer. a A schematic illustration of glycolysis is presented, and the methods used to inhibit the production of lactate and histone lactylation in this research are indicated. b, c Cells were treated with 2-DG or oxamate (glycolysis inhibitors) at different concentrations for 24 h. Cells were collected for measuring the level of Pan Kla and H3K18 lactylation. d Immunoblots were carried out to determine the effect of LDH depletion on Pan Kla and H3K18 lactylation. e CircXRN2 suppressed intracellular Pan Kla and H3K18 lactylation in T24 and TCCSUP cells. f Pan Kla and H3K18 lactylation were evaluated in SV-HUC-1 and bladder cancer cell lines. g A CCK-8 assay was used to determine the viability of LDH-deficient bladder cancer cells. h Cell proliferation and colony formation ability were measured by colony formation assay. i, j The migratory ability of LDH-deficient cells was evaluated by Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay. All the data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, compared with the control group