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. 2023 Aug 16;11:1261288. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1261288

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Copyright © 2023 Lu, Wu, Yang, Wang, Yang, Zhang, Wang, Yang, Zhu and Sun.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Examples of targeted therapy for SCI with the help of extracellular vesicles. (A,B) MSC-Exo was enriched in rat SCI sites and elevated miR-494 expression levels. Reprinted with permission from Ref. (Huang et al., 2021). Copyright © 2021 Wei Huang et al. (C, D) MSC-Exo loaded with phosphatase and tensin homologue small interfering RNA (PTEN-siRNA) for transnasal targeting to regions of SCI. Reprinted with permission from Ref. (Guo et al., 2019). Copyright © 2019, American Chemical Society.