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. 2023 May 31;8(5):e10553. doi: 10.1002/btm2.10553

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Workflow of DL in precision medicine. Left part shows an overall and basic process of deep learning model training, validation, and test. And right part shows corresponding methods and features in the left part such as data preprocessing, data split, parameter update, and estimation. DL, deep learning.