Table 4.
Studies of aging-related alteration on mitochondrial dynamic and mitophagy.
| Species | Sex | Tissue | Model | Protein Fraction | Mitochondria Dynamic Proteins | Mitophagy/Autophagy Related Proteins | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humans | Male | Vastus Lateralis | Younger men (20 ± 1 years) vs. older men (74 ± 3 years) | Whole muscle lysate | Mfn1, Mfn2 and Fis1: NS | [231] | |
| Humans | Male | Vastus Lateralis | Younger men (22 ± 1 years) vs. older men (67 ± 2 years) | Whole muscle lysate | Opa1, Mfn2, Fis1: NS | [232] | |
| Humans | Male and female (combined) | Vastus Lateralis | Younger (24 ± 3 years) vs. older adults (78 ± 5 years) | Whole muscle lysate | Opa1, Mfn2, Fis1 and Drp1: NS | [233] | |
| Humans | Male and female (combined) | Vastus Lateralis | Younger (23 ± 1 years) vs. older adults (75 ± 1 years) | Whole muscle lysate | Mfn2, Fis1, Drp1: NS Opa1: ↓ |
[234] | |
| Mice | Not specified | TA | Youths/Aged 6 vs. 18 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Opa1: ↓ | [129] | |
| Mice | Not specified | GAS | Youths/Aged 6 vs. 22 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1 and Fis1: ↓ Drp1: NS |
Lc3II, p62, Bnip3: ↑ | [246] |
| Mice (C57BL/6J) |
Female | TA | Youths/Aged 2 vs. 24 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Fis1 and Mfn2: ↑ Drp1 and Opa1: NS |
Mitochondria Pink1, Parkin: ↑ Lc3I, Lc3II, p62, Rheb, Beclin1: ↑ Bnip3: ↓ |
[245] |
| Mice | Male | GAS | Youths/Aged 2–3 vs. 22–24 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Mfn2/Drp1 ratio: ↑ Opa1, Drp1, Mfn1 and Mfn2: NS |
[244] | |
| Mice (C57BL/6J) |
Male | TA and soleus | Youths/Aged 3 vs. 28–29 months old |
Whole muscle lysate and mitochondria fraction | Mfn2 (TA and SOL): ↑ Long Opa1 (functional)/Short Opa1 (nonfunctional) ratio (SOL): trend for ↑ |
Lc3II/Lc3I ratio (TA and SOL): NS Atg5 (TA and SOL): ↑ Mitochondria p62 (TA and SOL): ↑ |
[201] |
| Mice | Male and female (combined) | QUAD | Youths/Middle-aged 3–6 vs. 8–15 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Mfn1 and Mfn2: ↑ Opa1 and Drp1: NS Fis1: ↓ |
Beclin1: ↓ Ulk1: trend for ↓ p62: ↑ Lc3II, Atg5: NS |
[243] |
| Rats (Fischer 344 Brown Norway) |
Male | EDL | Youths/Aged 5 vs. 35 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Mfn2, Fis1 and Opa1: ↑ Drp1: NS |
Ulk1, Beclin1, Atg7: ↑ Mitochondria Parkin, Lc3II: ↑ |
[236] |
| Rats (Wistar) |
Not specified | GAS | Youths/Aged 3 vs. 26 months old |
Mitochondria fraction | Fis1: ↑ | [237] | |
| Rats (Fischer 344 Brown Norway) |
Male | TA | Youths/Aged 5 vs. 35 months old |
Mitochondria fraction | Fis1 and Drp1: ↑ Mfn2: ↓ Opa1: NS |
[238] | |
| Rats (Sprague–Dawley) |
Male | GAS and SOL | Youths/Aged 9 vs. 22 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Drp1 (SOL and GAS): ↑ Mfn2 and Fis1 (GAS): ↑ |
[239] | |
| Rats (Wistar) |
Male | GAS | Youths/Aged 3 vs. 26 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Fis1 and Mfn1: ↑ | [240] | |
| Rats (Sprague-Dawley) |
Male | GAS and Triceps | Youths/Aged 3 vs. 22 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Opa1 and Mfn1 (GAS and TRI): ↑ Fis1 (GAS): ↓ Fis1 (TRI): ↑ |
Beclin1, Bax, Lc3B (GAS): ↓ Pink1 (Triceps): ↓ |
[241] |
| Rats (Sprague-Dawley) |
Male | Muscles | Youths/Aged 5 vs. 25 months old |
Whole muscle lysate | Drp1: ↑ Opa1: NS Mfn2 and Fis1: ↓ |
p62: ↑ Lc3II: ↓ |
[242] |