Skip to main content
. 2023 Sep 2;13(17):2791. doi: 10.3390/ani13172791

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Impacts of F18+ E. coli challenge on average daily gain (ADG) (A), average daily feed intake (ADFI) (B), and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) (C) of nursery pigs. Selected studies employed F18+ E. coli as the challenge model, encompassing both negative and positive control treatments and reported outcomes related to growth performance. The selected studies were (1) Xu et al. [7], (2) Duarte et al. [16], (3) Kim et al. [66], (4) Duarte et al. [67], (5) Jang et al. [68], (6) Sun et al. [76], (7) Wong et al. [77], (8) Li et al. [79], (9) Liu et al. [81], (10) Becker et al. [83], (11) Chang et al. [85], (12) He et al. [86], (13) Jerez-Bogota et al. [87], (14) Caprarulo et al. [88]. The percentage of change refers to statistically significant (p < 0.05) and tendency (0.05 ≤ p < 0.10) effects of F18+ E. coli compared with the negative control on the growth performance reported from each respective study.