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. 2023 Aug 27;15(17):4285. doi: 10.3390/cancers15174285

Table 1.

Involved structures and clinical presentation.

Variable n (%)
Involved structures n = 989
 Eyelids 160 (16.2%)
 Orbit 142 (14.4%)
 Conjunctiva 124 (12.5%)
 Canthus 79 (8.0%)
 Sinuses 59 (6.0%)
 Face 41 (4.1%)
 Lacrimal gland 37 (3.7%)
 Choroid 23 (2.3%)
 Nose 22 (2.2%)
 Unspecified peri-oculus 19 (2.0%)
 Periorbital skin 15 (1.5%)
 Eye 14 (1.4%)
 Cheek 10 (1.0%)
 Brain 9 (0.9%)
 Supraorbital/brow 8 (0.8%)
 Lacrimal sac 7 (0.7%)
 Ethmoid bone 6 (0.6%)
 Lacrimal duct 4 (0.4%)
 Maxilla 3 (0.3%)
 Temporal skin 3 (0.3%)
 Extraocular muscles 2 (0.2%)
 Temple 2 (0.2%)
 Alveoli 1 (0.1%)
 Nasopharynx 1 (0.1%)
 Ophthalmic nerve 1 (0.1%)
 Optic nerve 1 (0.1%)
 Parotid 1 (0.1%)
 Periorbital fat 1 (0.1%)
 Others 194 (19.6%)
Presenting signs and symptoms n = 113 *
 Disturbed vision 47 (22.5%)
 Facial mass 37 (17.7%)
 Conjunctival injection 31 (14.7%)
 Eye pain 27 (13.0%)
 Lesion discharge 25 (12.0%)
 Epiphora 18 (8.6%)
 Diplopia 16 (7.7%)
 Orbital discomfort 8 (3.8%)

Data are reported as frequencies and percentages. * The total number of patients with symptoms does not sum up to the number of symptoms as many patients had multiple symptoms.