Table 2.

The biological function of biomarkers in detail from GeneCards database.

NO.	Gene Symbol	Full Name	Function
1	MMP13	Matrix Metallopeptidase 13	Plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins including fibrillar collagen, fibronectin, TNC and ACAN.
2	SPP1	Secreted Phosphoprotein 1	Major non-collagenous bone protein that binds tightly to hydroxyapatite. Appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix. Probably important to cell–matrix interaction.
3	MMP7	Matrix Metallopeptidase 7	Degrades casein, gelatins of types I, III, IV, and V, and fibronectin. Activates procollagenase.
4	VCAM1	Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1	Cell adhesion glycoprotein predominantly expressed on the surface of endothelial cells that plays an important role in immune surveillance and inflammation. Acts as a major regulator of leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium through interaction with different types of integrins.
5	CDH2	Cadherin 2	Calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein; preferentially mediates homotypic cell–cell adhesion by dimerization with a CDH2 chain from another cell. Cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types.
6	COL1A1	Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Chain	Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen).
7	POSTN	Periostin	Induces cell attachment and spreading and plays a role in cell adhesion. Enhances incorporation of BMP1 in the fibronectin matrix of connective tissues, and subsequent proteolytic activation of lysyl oxidase LOX (By similarity).
8	MMP1	Matrix Metallopeptidase 1	Cleaves collagens of types I, II, and III at one site in the helical domain. Also cleaves collagens of types VII and X.