Figure 2.

Overview of different lipid classes and their synthesis pathways. The major classes of lipids (sterols, fatty acids (FAs), sphingolipids, and glycerophospholipids) important for this review are depicted with their chemical structure and the key steps of their synthesis pathway. Eicosanoids, such as arachidonic acid, are classified as a type of FAs. CDP = cytidine diphosphate; CoA = Coenzyme A; GPC = glycerophosphocholine; GPE = glycerophosphoethanolamine; GPS = glycerophosphoserine; HETE = hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids; HMG = β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl; MUFAs = monounsaturated fatty acids; P = phosphate; PUFAs = polyunsaturated fatty acids; TCA = tricarboxylic acid.