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Schematic illustration of the core mechanisms of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is regulated by iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant defense systems. α-KG: α-ketoglutarate; BH2: dihydrobiopterin; Cys: cysteine; Cys-Cys: cystine; Cys-Gly: cysteinylglycine; Gln: glutamine; GGC: γ-glutamyl cysteine; GSSG: glutathione oxidized; Glu: glutamate; Gly: glycine; and Trp: tryptophan.
