Table 2.

Clinical trials showing the association between CRC and high-fiber diet.

Author, Year	Type of Trial	Results	Fibres
Alberts, 1996 [41]	Randomized, double-blinded trial	At 9 months, high-dose fiber supplementation caused 52% reduction (p = 0.001) in fecal concentrations of total bile acids	dietary wheat bran fiber (2.0 or 13.5 g/day) in the form of cereal and supplemental calcium carbonate (250 or 1500 mg/day elemental calcium)
Alberts, 2000 [42]	Randomized trial	OR (high-fiber group) = 0.88 (p = 0.28) OR (low-fiber group) = 0.99 (p = 0.93)	High amounts/low amounts of wheat bran fiber
Bonithon-Kopp, 2001 [43]	Randomized blinded, placebo-controlled trial	45% increase in recurrent adenomas relative to the placebo group at 3 years (p = 0.04)	/
MacLennan, 1995 [44]	Randomized, partially double-blinded, placebo-controlled factorial trial	At 24 months, OR = 0.4 At 48 months, OR = 0.3	25 g of wheat bran daily and a capsule of beta carotene (20 mg daily)
Schatzkin, 2000 [45]	Randomized trial	In the control group, 39.7% and 39.5% had one recurrent adenoma (OR = 1)	High-fiber diet (18 g of dietary fiber per 1000 kcal)