Figure 9.

Effects of concanamycin A on the constitutive cytokine release by primary human AML cells. Leukemic cells from 80 patients were cultured for 48 h in cytokine-supplemented growth medium with and without concanamycin A 10 nM before mediator levels were determined in the culture supernatants. The relative mediator level was determined for each patient and cytokine; i.e., the mediator level for the drug-containing culture relative to the same mediator level in the corresponding medium control cultures. An unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis was performed based on these relative mediator levels; the white color indicates that the level in control and concanamycin A cultures did not differ. A subset/subcluster of 19 patients with weak/no effect of concanamycin A on the cytokine levels formed a separate subcluster (indicated by the grey column to the right), and 11 of these 19 patients were also included among 23 patients that formed a separate low-effect cluster when testing bafilomycin A1 (Figure S12).