Table 2.

Caesalpinia Sappan L. bioactive metabolites from various parts of plant.

Part	Principal Compound	Reference
Stem	Flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, sterols, and terpenoids	[20]
Seeds	Caesalpinia R and S Caesalsappanins A–L Caesalsappanins M–N	[33,34,35]
Bark	Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and steroids	[27]
Wood	Brazilin, sappanone B, and protosappanin A	[36]
Leaves	Glycosides, phenols, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and steroids	[11]
Heartwood	Ceasalpiniaphenols A–D Sappanchalcone, ceasalpiniaphenol G, and quercetin Brazilin, protosappanin A, protosappanin B, protosappanin C, protosappanin D, and protosappanin E 3′-Deoxy-4-O-methylepisappanol, (+)-(8S,8′S)-bisdihydrosiringenin Brazilein palmitic acid Protosappanins E-1 and E-2 Lupeol, vanillin, β-sitosterol, linoleic acid, stigmasterol, and friedelin	[37,38,39]