Table 2.
Predominant plasmalogen species found in different mammalian organs and tissues.
| Species | Organs and Tissues | Predominant Plasmalogen Species | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human | |||
| Brain gray matter—frontal cortex | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn | [10] | |
| Brain gray matter—parietal cortex | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn | ||
| Brain gray matter—temporal cortex | 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn | ||
| Brain gray matter—cerebellum | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn | ||
| Brain white matter—frontal cortex | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn |
||
| Brain white matter—parietal cortex | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn |
||
| Brain white matter—temporal cortex | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn |
||
| Brain white matter—cerebellum | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn |
||
| Cultured artery endothelial cells | 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn | [24] | |
| Cultured vein endothelial cells | 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn | ||
| Neutrophils | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 20:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 20:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 20:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 22:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 22:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 22:1/18:2-PlsEtn, 22:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 24:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 24:1/18:2-PlsEtn, 24:1/20:4-PlsEtn | [48] | |
| Lymphocytes | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn | [49] | |
| Serum | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn | [50] | |
| HDL | 16:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:6-PlsEtn 16:0/18:1-PlsCho, 16:0/18:2-PlsCho, 16:0/20:4-PlsCho, 16:0/22:6-PlsCho, 18:0/18:2-PlsCho, 18:0/20:4-PlsCho, 18:1/20:4-PlsCho |
[34] | |
| LDL | 16:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:6-PlsEtn 16:0/18:1-PlsCho, 16:0/18:2-PlsCho, 16:0/20:4-PlsCho, 16:0/22:6-PlsCho, 18:0/18:2-PlsCho, 18:0/20:4-PlsCho |
||
| VLDL | 16:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:6-PlsEtn 16:0/18:1-PlsCho, 16:0/18:2-PlsCho, 16:0/20:4-PlsCho, 16:0/22:6-PlsCho, 18:0/18:2-PlsCho, 18:0/20:4-PlsCho, 18:1/20:4-PlsCho |
||
| Platelet | 16:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn 16:0/20:4-PlsCho, 18:0/20:4-PlsCho, 18:1/20:4-PlsCho |
[35] | |
| Rat | |||
| Cardiac sarcolemma | 16:0/18:0-PlsEtn, 16:0/18:3-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:0-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:2/16:0-PlsEtn, 18:2/18:0-PlsEtn 16:0/18:0-PlsCho, 16:0/18:2-PlsCho, 16:0/18:3-PlsCho, 18:0/18:0-PlsCho, 18:0/20:4-PlsCho, 18:0/22:6-PlsCho, 18:1/22:6-PlsCho |
[51] | |
| Mouse | |||
| Cerebral cortex | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn, 18:1/16:0-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:6-PlsEtn | [52] | |
| Hippocampus | 18:1/20:3-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/22:5-PlsEtn, 18:1/22:4-PlsEtn 16:0/18:1-PlsCho, 16:0/20:5-PlsCho, 16:0/22:5-PlsCho, 18:0/16:0-PlsCho |
[53] | |
| Macrophage cell line RAW264.7 | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:3-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:3-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/16:0-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:1-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:3-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn | [54] | |
| Rabbit | |||
| Proximal tubules | 16:0/18:1-PlsEtn, 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/18:2-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn | [55] | |
| Dog | |||
| Heart sarcolemma | 16:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:0/20:4-PlsEtn, 18:1/20:4-PlsEtn 16:0/18:1-PlsCho, 16:0/18:2-PlsCho, 16:0/20:4-PlsCho, 16:0/18:2-PlsCho, 18:1/18:1-PlsCho |
[46] |
Plasmalogen species greater than 5% of total PlsEtn or PlsCho are listed in the table. Only for the data from [48,49,50], all identified plasmalogen species were listed. The fatty chain combination is written as follows: 18:0/22:6-PlsEtn means 1-(1Z-octadecenyl)-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine. HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PlsCho, choline plasmalogen; PlsEtn, ethanolamine plasmalogen; VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein.