Figure 10.
a) Schematic, fluorescence image and heat map of a vessel chip, consisting of human ECs (red) and ECM (green). Flow-induced shear stress, around 5 dyn/cm2, led to low vascular permeability, compared with static conditions. b) Schematic of NOTCH1 mechanosensory complex, encompassing LAR and TRIO, for stabilizing cellular junctions via the activation of RAC1. a-b) Reproduced with permission.[193] Copyright 2017, Springer Nature. c) Fluorescence images and western blots indicating the reduced expression of cluster of CD31, and the increased level of vimentin and α-SMA upon exposure to oscillatory flow. d) Schematic of the underlying mechanism of interactions between ECs and SMCs, involving paracrine communication and RANTES activation. c-d) Reproduced with permission.[335] Copyright 2021, Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License. e) Schematic of constructing intima-media interface using varying channel heights and CBV effect. f) Phase-contrast images of migrated SMC into the subendothelial layer in response to the treatment of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and TNF-α. e-f) Reproduced with permission.[336] Copyright 2021, Royal Society of Chemistry.