Figure 3.

(a) Schematic diagram of the experimental process for the formation of Sn/SnO₂ nanoparticles by electrolysis in liquid [24]. (b,c) SEM images of Sn/SnO₂ by electrolysis with electrolyte concentration at 1.0 M and 0.1 M, respectively [24]. (d–g) SEM images of SnO₂ synthesized by hydrothermal methods without additive (d), in the presence of aminoterephthalic (e) and oxalic (f–g) acid at 7 wt.% and 150 wt.% of the weight of SnO₂, respectively [26]. Reprinted with permission from Refs. [24,26]. Copyright 2014 & 2016, Elsevier.