Table 4.
Bias assessment.
| Randomisation Process (D1) | Deviations from the Intended Interventions (D2) |
Missing Outcome Data (D3) |
Measurement of the Outcome (D4) | Selection of the Reported Result (D5) | Overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clement D 2023 [21] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Sagar V 2020 [22] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Liu M 2020 [23] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Hoda D 2005 [24] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Nehra V 2001 [25] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
+ low risk of bias, ! unclear risk of bias.