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. 2023 Aug 24;15(17):3709. doi: 10.3390/nu15173709

Table 4.

MR results of IVW method for association of dietary habits with chronic back pain.

Exposure Number of SNPs β SEβ p-Value Adjusted p-Value
Beef intake 13 0.08 0.05 0.09 0.301
Bread intake 27 −0.01 0.03 0.795 0.837
Cereal intake 30 −0.08 0.04 0.037 0.148
Cheese intake 46 −0.06 0.02 0.007 0.069
Coffee intake 29 −0.02 0.03 0.607 0.828
Cooked vegetable intake 11 0.06 0.06 0.34 0.617
Dried fruit intake 29 −0.05 0.03 0.14 0.354
Fresh fruit intake 39 −0.04 0.04 0.274 0.61
Lamb/mutton intake 29 0.01 0.04 0.749 0.837
Non-oily fish intake 6 0.11 0.08 0.142 0.354
Oily fish intake 50 −0.02 0.02 0.329 0.617
Pork intake 11 0.23 0.06 <0.001 0.01
Poultry intake 3 0.23 0.11 0.037 0.148
Processed meat intake 18 −0.02 0.04 0.662 0.828
Salad/raw vegetable intake 14 0.02 0.06 0.779 0.837
Salt added to food 87 0.01 0.02 0.647 0.828
Water intake 34 −0.02 0.03 0.55 0.828
Hot drink temperature 57 0 0.04 0.986 0.986
Tea intake 32 −0.02 0.02 0.449 0.748
Alcohol intake frequency 15 0.06 0.03 0.023 0.148

MR, Mendelian randomization; IVW, Inverse-variance-weighted. Bold indicated a p value less than 0.05.