Table 9.

Limitations of 5G communications in Healthcare 4.0.

Implication	Issue with Healthcare 4.0
Interference	The high-frequency spectrum used by 5G can be susceptible to interference from physical objects, such as walls or medical equipment. Ensuring reliable coverage and minimizing potential signal disruptions is crucial.
Cost	The deployment of 5G networks and associated hardware can be expensive. Healthcare organizations need to assess the cost implications and potential return on investment when considering 5G implementation.
Infrastructure	5G networks rely on a dense infrastructure of small cells and base stations. Implementing this infrastructure within healthcare facilities may require significant infrastructure upgrades.
Regulatory	The implementation of 5G in healthcare may involve compliance with specific regulations governing data privacy, patient consent, and network safety. Adhering to these regulations is essential to avoid legal and ethical issues.
Public fears and beliefs	While 5G technology offers numerous benefits, some people have expressed concerns and fears about its deployment, especially in medical services. One of the primary fears revolves around potential health risks associated with increased exposure to electromagnetic radiation. Some individuals worry that the higher frequency and intensity of 5G signals might have adverse effects on human health. It is essential to address these fears through rigorous scientific research, transparent communication, and robust regulatory measures.