Table 1.
Physical characteristics and ergoespirometric variables (mean ± SD).
| Males (n = 30) | Females (n = 13) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 22.5 ± 2.1 | 22.2 ± 1.5 | 0.624 |
| Height (cm) | 176.7 ± 7.6 | 162.2 ± 4.5 | 0.000 |
| Weight (kg) | 73.3 ± 7.5 | 58.5 ± 11.6 | 0.000 |
| % body fat | 19.3 ± 5.1 | 27.9 ± 4.2 | 0.000 |
| Legs lean mass (kg) | 20.2 ± 1.7 | 13.9 ± 2.3 | 0.000 |
| HRmax (Beats·min−1) | 193.2 ± 8.3 | 195.1 ± 7.9 | 0.475 |
| VO2max (mL·kg−1·min−1) | 46.3 ± 6.4 | 39.9 ± 3.5 | 0.002 |
| VO2max (mL·kg LLM−1·min−1) | 166.7 ± 17.1 | 166.1 ± 15.6 | 0.913 |
| Wmax (W) | 263.2 ± 36.0 | 188.7 ± 40.0 | 0.000 |
| MHC I | 34.0 ± 12.4 | 53.5 ± 11.4 | 0.000 |
| MHC IIa | 51.2 ± 9.2 | 36.3 ± 6.5 | 0.000 |
| MHC IIx | 14.9 ± 9.6 | 10.2 ± 6.3 | 0.120 |
| MHC I + IIa | 85.2 ± 9.7 | 89.8 ± 6.3 | 0.123 |
| 120% VO2max CI (first bout, best performance) | |||
| Time to exhaustion (s) | 117.6 ± 39.2 | 131.9 ± 40.3 | 0.280 |
| Power (W) | 322.8 ± 49.3 | 219.4 ± 42.6 | 0.000 |
| Power (W·kg LLM−1) | 16.0 ± 2.2 | 15.7 ± 1.4 | 0.691 |
| Work (kJ·kg LLM−1) | 1.84 ± 0.50 | 2.05 ± 0.59 | 0.218 |
| VO2 (mL·kg LLM−1·min−1) | 129.1 ± 16.0 | 132.1 ± 13.3 | 0.561 |
| O2/Work (mL·kJ- [1]) | 133.5 ± 19.5 | 140.1 ± 18.2 | 0.304 |
| O2 demand (mL) | 7806 ± 2867 | 6012 ± 1803 | 0.044 |
| Accumulated O2 (mL) | 5113 ± 2225 | 3986 ± 1369 | 0.099 |
| O2 deficit (mL) | 2692 ± 937 | 2026 ± 689 | 0.026 |
| O2 deficit (mL·kg−1 BW) | 36.6 ± 11.4 | 35.1 ± 11.6 | 0.690 |
| O2 deficit (mL·kg LLM−1) | 132.4 ± 40.7 | 145.5 ± 42.3 | 0.343 |
| % Anaerobic Energy | 35.4 ± 6.9 | 34.2 ± 7.8 | 0.604 |
| RER | 1.18 ± 0.11 | 1.08 ± 0.11 | 0.009 |
| VE (L·min−1) | 89.5 ± 17.1 | 68.4 ± 12.6 | 0.000 |
| RR (Breaths·min−1) | 40.0 ± 6.6 | 41.7 ± 6.7 | 0.442 |
| VE/ VO2 | 33.5 ± 5.5 | 34.6 ± 5.1 | 0.547 |
| VE/ VCO2 | 29.8 ± 3.7 | 32.8 ± 5.4 | 0.039 |
| PETO2 (mmHg) | 110.2 ± 4.7 | 111.8 ± 5.0 | 0.322 |
| PETCO2 (mmHg) | 39.6 ± 4.5 | 34.2 ± 5.2 | 0.001 |
| Vastus Lateralis TOI (a.u.) | 62.2 ± 17.4 | 66.6 ± 4.9 | 0.381 |
| Frontal lobe TOI (a.u.) | 68.5 ± 5.5 | 63.4 ± 7.1 | 0.016 |
| MCAv (mm·s−1) | 44.7 ± 26.6 | 30.5 ± 35.1 | 0.153 |
HRmax: maximal heart rate; VO2max: maximal oxygen uptake; Wmax: maximal intensity during the incremental exercise test to exhaustion; LLM: lean mass of the lower extremities; Accumulated O2: total amount of O2 consumed during the test; and the average values during the 120% CP test for: RER, respiratory exchange ratio; VE, pulmonary ventilation; RR, respiratory rate; PETO2, end tidal O2 pressure; PETCO2, end tidal CO2 pressure; TOI, tissue oxygenation index; MCAv, middle cerebral artery velocity. Note: the supramaximal test data correspond to the session with the best performance time. P values based on two-tailed unpaired t-tests.