Table 2.
Cancer organoid biobanks.
| Tumor type | Source |
Success rate (%) | Achievement | Rf. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Quantity | ||||
| Breast cancer | Ductal adenocarcinoma, lobular adenocarcinoma | 100 patients | >80 | Used for cancer research, drug development, and to assess personalized in vitro drug responses. | 14 |
| invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma | 33 patients | 87.5 | New protocol for obtaining patient-derived oganoids from breast cancer | 197 | |
| Bladder Cancer | Urothelial carcinoma Squamous-cell carcinoma | 16 patients | 70 | In vitro model of tumor evolution and therapeutic response to precision cancer medicine. | 198 |
| Primary tumor | 50 patients | 50 | Bladder organoids biobank for drug testing in the future. | 16 | |
| Colorectal cancer | Primary tumor | 20 patients | 90 | Tumor organoids may fill the gap between cancer genetics and patient trials for drug research as well as personalized therapy. | 17 |
| Primary tumor | 43 patients | 100 | Functional links between genetic alterations, niche requirements and biological phenotypes of tumors, providing a multifunctional platform for biomedical research. | 18 | |
| Metastases | 14 patients | 71 | Personalized screening tool using patient-derived tumor organoids. | 37 | |
| Esophageal cancer | Oesophageal squamous- cell carcinoma, Oropharyngeal squamous- cell carcinoma |
21 patients | 71.4 | Platform to analyze cancer cell heterogeneity, assess personalized drug treatment response and treatment resistance. | 110 |
| Gastric cancer | Normal, dysplastic, cancer, and lymph node metastases | 34 patients | >50 (tumor)/>90 (normal) | Identified potential targeted drugs to guide patient drug selection. | 199 |
| Glioblastoma | IDH1 mutant tumors, recurrent tumors | 53 patients | 91.4 | The establishment a large cohort of unique organoids and patient-derived orthotopic xenografts of various glioma subtypes. | 24 |
| IDH1 mutant IV glioblastoma (GBM), IDH1 mutant II-III gliomas | 173 patients | 79/68 | The establishment a large cohort of unique organoids and patient-derived orthotopic xenografts of various glioma subtypes | 117 | |
| Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma | Primary tumor | 40 patients | 65 | Comparison of organoids with normal epithelium applied to in vitro drug screening. | 25 |
| Kidney cancer | Wilms tumors, malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTK), renal cell carcinomas (RCC), and congenital mesoblastic nephromas | 50 children | 100(normal)/75 (Wilms tumors)/100(MRTK)/75(RCC) | Captures heterogeneity of pediatric renal tumors; well-characterized model for basic cancer research, drug screening and personalized medicine. | 27 |
| Lung cancer | Non-small cell lung cancer | 14 patients | 71.43 | A living biobank of patient-derived organoids from non-small cell lung cancer patients was established. | 200 |
| adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma | 36 patients | 87 | Successfully construct biobank of lung cancer organoids | 30 | |
| Liver cancer | Hepatocellular carcinoma | 10 patients | 26 | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) organoids generated from needle biopsies of patients with liver cancer; response to sorafenib treatment. | 201 |
| ovarian cancer | Borderline tumors, Clear-cell carcinoma, Endometrioid carcinoma, Mucinous carcinoma, Serous carcinoma |
32 patients | 65 | Ovarian cancer organoids can be used for drug-screening assays and different tumor subtype responses to platinum-based chemotherapy. | 32 |
| Pancreatic cancer | Ductal adenocarcinoma (primary tumor and Metastases) | 138 patients | 75 | Predict drug responses in pancreatic cancer patients and provide a rational for prioritizing therapeutic regimens. | 202 |
| pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) | 39 patients | / | Revealed functional heterogeneity in Wnt niche independence in PDAC. | 203 | |
| Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) | 8 patients | / | Potential drivers of IPMN tumor development were identified. | 104 | |
| Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) | 15 patients | 81(tumor)/87(normal) | The mechanism of IPMN invasion was revealed. | 105 | |
| Prostate Cancer | Adenocarcinoma metastases Circulating tumor cells |
7 patients | 15–20 | Recapitulated the molecular diversity of prostate cancer subtypes, providing an in vitro model for understanding disease pathogenesis and response to therapy. | 13 |
| Neuroendocrine tumors | Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) | 39 patients | / | Understanding of GEP-NEN and its genetic and biological phenotypes. | 204 |