Table 2.
R-spondins and their important interactive receptors.
| Serial number | R-spondin | Receptor | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | RSPO | LGR4/5/6 | Potentiates Wnt signaling pathway | 38 |
| 2 | RSPO | LRP5/6 | LRP5/6 phosphorylation and activation lead to the stabilization of β-catenin | 55,56 |
| 3 | RSPO | Frizzled | Activates canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling through phosphorylation of the disheveled gene | 25 |
| 4 | RSPO2/3 | ZNFR3/RNF43 | Auto-ubiquitination and membrane clearance of ZNRF3/RNF43 and Wnt signaling pathway potentiation | 35 |
| 5 | RSPO2/3 | Syndecan 4 | Induces non-canonical Wnt/PCP signaling | 57 |
| 6 | RSPO | Glypicans | RSPO-enhanced Wnt signaling. | 57,58 |
| 7 | RSPO 1 | Kremen | Disrupts DKK1/Kremen-mediated internalization and enhances Wnt signaling | 59 |