Figure 4.

Baseline pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) risk stratification. PAH treatment decisions should be made in the context of risk stratification. For example, the European Respiratory Society/European Society of Cardiology three-stratum risk stratification tool (presented here in an abbreviated form) is then paired with a treatment algorithm guided by risk (see Figure 5). BNP = brain natriuretic peptide; CI = cardiac index; NTproBNP = N-terminal–pro hormone brain natriuretic peptide; RA = right atrial; S$\dot{\mathrm{V}}$o₂ = mixed venous oxygen saturation; sPAP = systolic pulmonary arterial pressure; TAPSE = tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; V_O2 = volume of oxygen consumption. Reprinted with permission from References 2 and 3.