Table 1.

Cohort characteristics.

Variable	Indicator
Sex (n, %)
Female	546 (69.9)
Male	235 (30.1)
Age (years; mean, 95% CI)	34.3 (33.6–35.0)
Smoking (n, %)
No	535 (68.5)
Irregularly	56 (7.2)
Daily	190 (24.3)
Diagnosis (n, %)
CIS	327 (41.9)
RRMS	454 (58.1)
Current relapse (n, %)
No	683 (87.5)
Yes	98 (12.5)
EDSS (mean, 95% CI)	1.5 (1.4–1.6)
BDI-II (score; mean, 95% CI)	7.3 (6.8–7.8)
BDI-II score, cumulative frequencies* (n, %)
⩽8 points	525 (67.2)
>8 points	256 (32.8)
>13 points	126 (16.1)
>20 points	54 (6.9)
>29 points	13 (1.7)
FSMC (total score; mean, 95% CI)	38.2 (36.9–39.5)
25-OH-VD (ng/ml; mean, 95% CI)	22.2 (21.2–23.2)
25-OH-VD deficiency (<20 ng/ml; n, %)	398 (51.0)
EBNA1-IgG (U/ml; mean, 95% CI)	1453.8 (1360.4–1547.2)
MRI volumetry parameters
T2 lesion volume (ml; mean, 95% CI)	131.3 (−113.9–376.4)
Gray matter volume (ml; mean, 95% CI)	637.8 (629.0–646.6)
Total brain volume (ml; mean, 95% CI)	1388.1 (1370.8–1405.4)
Thalamus left (µl; mean, 95% CI)	7211.2 (7108.7–7313.7)
Thalamus right (µl; mean, 95% CI)	6851.3 (6757.5–6945.0)
Hippocampus left (µl; mean, 95% CI)	4010.7 (3962.7–4058.8)
Hippocampus right (µl; mean, 95% CI)	4131.8 (4082.6–4181.0)
Amygdala left (µl; mean, 95% CI)	1610.6 (1586.1–1635.1)
Amygdala right (µl; mean, 95% CI)	1759.9 (1733.6–1786.3)
Subcortical gray matter volume (µl; mean, 95% CI)	56,270.9 (55,722.5–56,819.3)

^*⩽8 points, no depressive symptoms; >8 points, minimal; >13 points, mild; >20 points, moderate; >29 points, severe depressive symptoms.

BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory-II; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; CIS, clinically isolated syndrome; EBNA1-IgG, Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 IgG; EDSS, expanded disability status scale; FSMC, fatigue scale motor cognition; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; 25-OH-VD, vitamin D; RRMS, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.