Table 2.
Summary of last 3-year applications of CRISPR-Cas mediated gene editing systems against biotic stresses in rice
| Disease/Biotic Stress | Targeted gene/s | Gene nature | Gene editing system/gRNA used | Results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rice blast | OsBsr-d1 | Regulation of redox stage of plant cells | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Enhanced resistance against rice blast | (Zhu et al. 2020) |
| OsFLR1 and OsFLR13 | Involved in rice-Magnaporthe oryzae intercation | CRISPR-Cas9/16 gRNAs | Increased susceptibility | (Huang et al. 2020a, b, c) | |
| OsFLR2 and OsFLR11 | Enhanced resistance | ||||
| OsFLR1 | Enhanced pathogen attack | ||||
| OsFLR2 | Delayed pathogen attack | ||||
| OsDjA2 and OsERF104 | Susceptibility genes | CRISPR-Cas9/two gRNAs | Improved resistance | (Távora 2021) | |
| OsUGT74J1 | SA-glucosyltransferases | CRISPR-Cas9/two gRNAs | Enhanced Salicylic Acid accumulation and resistance against RB | (Tezuka et al. 2021) | |
| OsWRKY93 | Transcription factor | CRISPR-Cas9/ single gRNA | Sensitivity to pathogen | (Li et al. 2021a, b) | |
| OsGRF18 | Positive regulator | CRISPR-Cas9/ single gRNA | Improved resistance | (Yudong et al. 2021) | |
| OsUBC26 | a rice ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme | CRISPR-Cas9 | Compromised resistance | (Liu et al. 2021a, b, c) | |
| OsXa7 | Broad spectrum resistance gene | CRISPR-Cas9/two gRNAs | Sensitivity to pathogen | (Chen et al. 2021) | |
| OsECBS | Produce casbane-type diterpenoids | CRISPR-Cas9/ RNAs | Impaired resistance | (Liang et al. 2021) | |
| OsPita-Fuhui2663 | Negative regulator | CRISPR-Cas9/ single RNA | Resistance | (He et al. 2022) | |
| OsPib | R gene | CRISPR-Cas9/ single RNA | Displayed more symptoms after pathogen inoculation | (Xie et al. 2022) | |
| OsWRKY7 | Transcription factor | CRISPR-Cas9/ single RNA | Sensitivity to blast fungus | (Tun et al. 2023) | |
| Rice blast | Ospi-ta | Susceptibility gene | Intron-targeted insertion strategy of CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Disease resistance with improved agronomic characteristics | (Xu et al. 2020) |
| OsPi21 | Broad spectrum resistance gene | CRISPR-Cas9/two gRNAs | Resistance without affecting agronomic traits | (Nawaz et al. 2020) | |
| OsPiPR1 | Partial R gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Partially reduced blast resistance | (Liu et al. 2020a, b, c) | |
| OsDjA2 and OsERF104 | Susceptibility genes | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Improved resistance | (MILAzzo et al. 2022) | |
| OsDjA2 and OsERF104 | Susceptibility genes | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Resistance | (Távora et al. 2022) | |
| OsHRC | Negative regulator | CRISPR-Cas9 | Resistance | (Ding et al. 2023) | |
| Bacterial blight | OsXa13 promoter | Sensitive gene | CRISPR-Cas9/two gRNAs | Disease resistance | (Li et al. 2020a, b) |
| OsSWEET14 | Susceptibility gene | CRISPR-Cas9/three gRNAs | Resistance against bacterial blight | (Zafar et al. 2020) | |
| OsSWEET14 | Susceptibility gene | CRISPR-Cas9/two gRNAs | Strong resistance with improve plant height | (Zeng et al. 2020a, b) | |
| OsEBEAvrXa23 | Susceptible gene | CRISPR-Cas9 knock-in | Resistant | (Wei et al. 2021a, b) | |
| OsTFIIAγ1 or OsTFIIAγ5 (TF) | Involved in pathogen interaction | CRISPR-Cas9/ two gRNAs | Resistance | (Xu et al. 2021a, b, c, d) | |
| OsSWEET14 | Susceptibility gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Moderate to high resistance | (Arulganesh et al. 2021) | |
| OsSWEET14 | Susceptibility gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Improved resistance | (Duy et al. 2021) | |
| OsUPT box | Promoter region | CRISPR-Cas12a/ single crRNA | Improved resistance | (Yu et al. 2021) | |
| OsSWEET14 | Susceptibility gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Less susceptibility | (Kim et al. 2021) | |
| OsPrx30 | Bacterial blight responsive gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Increased resistance | (Liu et al. 2021a, b, c) | |
| OsSWEET13 | Susceptibility gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Could interfere with binding site of pathogen effector binding element | (Diana et al. 2022) | |
| OsXa13 | Recessive pleiotropic gene | CRISPR-Cas9/ two gRNA | Disease resistance | (Li et al. 2022a, b, c) | |
| OsCPK24 | Positive regulator | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | More susceptibility to BLB | (Lu et al. 2023) | |
| Sheath blight | OsPP2A-1 | Positive regulator | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Susceptible | Lin et al. (2021) |
| Rice blast and bacterial blight | OsPi21, OsBsr-d1, and OsXa5 | Susceptibility genes | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Resistance | (Tao et al. 2021) |
| Bacterial blight and leaf streak | OsSWEET11, OsSWEET14 and OsSULTR3;6 | Susceptibility genes | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Resistance | (Ni et al. 2021) |
| OsBsr-d1, OsPi21 and OsERF922 | Resistant genes | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Improved resistance in both single and triplet mutants | (Zhou et al. 2022) | |
| Rice tungro disease | OseIF4G | Required to translate viral RNA viruses | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Enhanced tolerance | (Nithya et al. 2020) |
| Rice black-streaked dwarf virus | OseIF4G | Required to translate viral RNA viruses | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Enhanced tolerance | (Wang et al. 2021a, b, c, d) |
| OsAGO2 | Negative regulator | transposon-insertion or CRISPR/Cas9 | Over-expression enhanced susceptibility and mutant showed resistance | (Wang et al. 2021a, b, c, d) | |
| Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus | OsARF17 (TF) | Resistance gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Increased susceptibility | (Zhang et al. 2020a, b) |
| Osv-ATPase d | Mediating virus resistance | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Resistance | (Lu et al. 2021) | |
| Bacterial leaf streak | OsSULRT3; 6 | Susceptibility gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Resistance | (Xu et al. 2021a, b, c, d) |
| Brown plant hopper | OsAOC and OsMYC2 | Involved in signaling | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Pathogen performed better on knock out lines | (Xu et al. 2021a, b, c, d) |
| OsCKXs | Negative regulator | CRISPR-Cas9 | Enhanced resistance | (Zhang et al. 2022a, b) | |
| Meloidogyne graminicola | OsBet v1 | Involved in defense against microbial pathogens | CRISPR-Cas9/ two gRNAs | Increased susceptibility | (Li et al. 2022a, b, c) |
| Rice blast and bacterial blight | OsMORE1a | Immunity related gene | CRISPR-Cas9/single gRNA | Resistance to M. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae but increased susceptibility to Cochliobolus miyabeanus, | (Kim et al. 2022) |
| Rice blast, bacterial blight and sheath blight | OsUMP1 | natural allele of proteasome maturation factor | CRISPR-Cas9 | Broad spectrum resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Ustilaginoidea virens and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae | (Hu et al. 2023) |
| Rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease and southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease | OsAP47 | Negatively regulates the resistance | CRISPR-Cas9/ two gRNAs | Enhances resistance against both stresses | (Wang et al. 2022a, b, c) |
| Yellow mottle virus | OsCPR5.1 | Nucleoporin paralogs | CRISPR-Cas9/ two gRNAs | Disruption resulted in RYMV resistance | (Arra et al. 2023) |
| OsCPR5.2 | Nucleoporin paralogs | CRISPR-Cas9/ two gRNAs | Susceptibility after disruption |