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. 2023 Aug 26;77:101795. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101795

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Circadian patterns in glycemia and metabolism. Representations of recordings with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and indirect calorimetry at 23 °C. A–H photoperiod average ± SEM n = 11 mice over 5 d. I–P average ± SEM recordings for n = 11 mice every 2 min for 1 d. Q-X recordings of a single mouse over 2 d. A, I, Q) blood glucose, B, J, R) body temperature, C, K, S) food intake, D, L, T) energy expenditure, E, P, X) energy balance (food intake minus energy expenditure) F, N, V) in-cage physical activity (beam break distance traveled), G, M, U) respiratory exchange ratio, H, O, W) water intake. Statistics on A–H by paired t-test; ns, not significant; ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; ∗∗∗p < 0.001. Wild-type C57Bl/6J male mice on a standard chow diet. Shaded areas represent the 12-h dark photoperiod.