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. 2023 Aug 1;9(8):e18844. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18844

Table 3.

Quasi-Poisson loglinear analyses with PGSIa as dependent variable before and after inserting control variables.

95% (OR) CI
Variable b SE OR LL UL z p
Step 1
Intercept 0.514 .052 1.67 1.50 1.85 9.82 <.001
Negative Affectivity 0.144 .054 1.16 1.03 1.28 2.66 .008
Detachment 0.025 .050 1.03 0.93 1.13 .503 .615
Antagonism 0.237 .041 1.27 1.17 1.38 5.73 <.001
Disinhibition 0.342 .052 1.41 1.27 1.56 6.50 <.001
Psychoticism 0.166 .056 1.18 1.05 1.32 2.93 .003
Step 2
Intercept 0.771 .078 2.16 1.85 2.51 9.88 <.001
Negative Affectivity 0.161 .054 1.18 1.05 1.31 1.99 .003
Detachment 0.014 .050 1.01 0.92 1.12 .283 .777
Antagonism 0.210 .041 1.23 1.14 1.34 5.08 <.001
Disinhibition 0.322 .053 1.38 1.24 1.53 6.07 <.001
Psychoticism 0.124 .057 1.13 1.01 1.27 2.17 .030
Alcohol problemsb 0.160 .124 1.17 0.92 1.49 1.29 .197
Drug problemsb 0.436 .136 1.55 1.18 2.02 3.21 .001

Note. N = 1479. McFadden's R2 = 0.36. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; LL = lower limit; UL = upper limit.

a

Problem Gambling Severity Index.b0 = no, 1 = yes.