Skip to main content
. 2023 Feb 28;81(10):1351–1372. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad011

Table 1.

PICOS criteria for inclusion of studies

Parameter Criterion
Participants Any individuals or groups (the public or policy makers) in any country. Subgroup reporting according to PROGRESS-PLUS characteristics
Interventions Implemented government fiscal or pricing policies or ones proposed by government that target the price of food or non-alcoholic beverages and are applied to the entire population within a jurisdiction
Comparisons None required
Outcomes Real or perceived barriers or facilitators experienced by the public or political groups, as well as actions taken by them in relation to such barriers/facilitators and grouped according to WHO-INTEGRATE framework criteria
Study design Conducted as a systematic review with or without meta-analysis and used real-world evidence