. 2023 Aug 1;7(1):txad094. doi: 10.1093/tas/txad094

Table 1:

Effects of different types and doses of in ovo phytobiotics on hatching and performance of chickens

Extracts	Dose	Hatch (%)	FI	BWG	FCR	Reference
Nano curcumin	0.01	100^a	15.89	13.56	1.007	Heidary et al., 2020
	0.03	86.67^b	15.89	11.89	1.003
	0.05	86.67^b	17.43	12.09	1.125
	Control	100^a	18.62	12.29	1.291
Grape seed extract	3 mg	84.28^bc	29.03^bc	21.46^abc	1.35	Hajati et al., 2014
	4.5 mg	92.85^a	28.15^b	21.71^ab	1.35
	6 mg	75.71^c	30.94^a	20.45^bcd	1.37
	Control	80.00^c	27.42^d	19.74^d	1.39
Black cumin	2 mg	86.48^cd	4963.8^b	2087.5^bc	2.38^b	Oke et al., 2020
	4 mg	87.75^bc	5215.3^ab	2175.0^b	2.40^b
	6 mg	91.93^ab	5321.8^ab	2455.0^a	2.17^c
	8 mg	87.75^d	4887.0^b	2030.0^b	2.41^ab
	Control	86.07^cd	4835.3^b	1900.00^c	2.55^ab
Silybum marianum extract	0 mg/kg	86.14	96.99	2179.96^a	1.63	Morovate et al., 2016
	100 mg/kg	85.88	96.18	2125.20^b	1.65
	200 mg/kg	84.79	97.86	2142.54^ab	1.67
Tomato and garlic	Tom	68	107	2263	2.02	Fazli et al., 2015
	Gar	72	111	2388	1.99
	Control	77	110	2346	2.01
Plant extracts	Cinnamon		3390.00	2639.10^b	1.29^b	El-Kholy et al., 2021
	Thyme		3525.50	2752.60^a	1.29^b
	Clove		3365.14	2799.80^a	1.20^b
	Control		3604.08	2172.10^c	1.66^a
Clove and cinnamon	Clove 2 mg	92.0a				Akosile et al., 2023a
	Clove 4 mg	74.0e
	Cinnamon 2 mg	89.0b
	Cinnamon 4 mg	81.0d
	Control	87.0c
Moringa	0 g	68.8^b	23.4 ± 3.77			N’nanle et al., 2017
	0.5 g	93.8^a	26.2 ± 4.39
	5 g	71.1^b	28.5 ± 4.81
	50 g	73.9^b	33.3 ± 5.41
Pollen Extract	Pollen extract	73.1^b				Coşkun et al., 2014
Pollen Extract	Control	82.3^a				Coşkun et al., 2014
Manihot esculenta extract	M. esculenta extract	91.30 ± 2.00^a	6921.84 ± 36.62	1933.42 ± 20.05^a	2.32 ± 0.08	Ngueda et al., 2021
Manihot esculenta extract	Control	82.90 ± 2.00^c	6499.95 ± 34.19	1861.69 ± 20.02^b	2.48 ± 0.08	Ngueda et al., 2021
Resveratrol	52 µg RV/egg	86.81^c				EL-Saadany et al., 2019
	50 µg RV/egg	93.89^a
	Control	87.31^c