Figure 4. The 2021 CKD-EPI eGFR misclassifies healthy Blacks to ≥ stage 3 CKD and misclassifies ≥3 stage Whites to being CKD-free when transplantation and death are used as proxies for mGFR.

Results are contrary to claims that the 2021 CKD-EPI reveals previously undetected CKD in Blacks [53,180-184]. The difference between and 2009 and 2021 CKD-EPI eGFR is due to the change the bias from +3.7 to -3.6 mL/min/1.73m² in Blacks and from +0.5 to +3.9 in non-Blacks. Based on data collected by the US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) between January 2007 and December 2016 in 101,693 Black and 449,802 White veterans classified as ≥stage 3 according to the 2021 CKD-EPI and 84,090 Black and 507,303 White veterans classified as ≥stage 3 according to the 2009 CKD-EPI (adapted from data presented in [197]).