Table 1.

Distribution of study variables for 2013 and 2017.

	2013							2017							p	Effect size
	N	Mean n	SD %	Max	Min	Median	IQR	N	Mean n	SD %	Max	Min	Median	IQR
Population health
All-cause mortality	368	514.72	166.03	1414.70	172.00	478.00	108.94	368	503.06	145.01	1135.30	263.10	466.95	112.60	0.20	0.0023
CVD mortality	365	56.73	28.11	239.73	12.24	49.29	19.47	366	57.20	26.74	252.20	20.70	51.10	23.00	0.55	0.0005
UI mortality	341	34.67	21.07	162.09	6.10	29.89	22.40	360	32.46	20.27	136.60	4.70	28.15	19.60	0.10	0.0038
Healthcare system
PCP density	368	54.13	43.08	486.79	0	46.00	37.42	368	55.24	39.51	277.87	0	47.51	41.32	0.57	0.0005
AC bed density	368	314.55	666.19	5966.14	0	0	346.20	368	306.62	665.61	6247.69	0	0	357.59	0.97	0
LTC bed density	368	12.35	62.96	829.13	0	0	0	368	9.48	53.50	819.58	0	0	0.00	0.68	0.0002
ICU bed density	368	18.87	46.26	463.67	0	0	17.85	368	18.31	46.08	453.82	0	0	19.30	0.96	0
Socioeconomic structure
Education	368	28.89	4.12	89.63	21.63	28.65	2.71	368	31.12	3.99	82.91	23.35	31.03	2.98	< 0.01	0.1766
Economic development															0.96	0.0102
Low	–	134	36.41	–	–	–	–	–	127	34.51	–	–	–	–	–	–
Middle	–	126	34.24	–	–	–	–	–	116	31.52	–	–	–	–	–	–
High	–	108	29.35	–	–	–	–	–	125	33.97	–	–	–	–	–	–
Demographics
Population density	368	2775.76	5662.00	40,089.00	5.00	643.00	1651.50	368	2768.97	5589.81	38,956.00	5.00	634.00	1721.00	0.93	0
Sex ratio	368	107.05	8.63	143.45	87.88	106.55	10.88	368	106.29	9.04	156.56	86.89	105.50	11.41	0.20	0.0022
Proportion of population aged 65 +	368	13.75	4.25	26.67	5.91	13.14	6.41	368	15.81	4.36	28.37	7.01	15.48	6.30	< 0.01	0.0524

CVD cardiovascular disease; UI unintentional injury; PCP primary care physician; AC acute care; LTC long-term care; ICU intensive-care unit.

p: p-value calculated using Mann–Whitney U test or Chi-square test; Effect size: Cohen’s D for continuous variables and Cramer's V for categorical variables.