Table 5.
Outcomes of the parameters investigated in the included studies for descriptive analysis.
| Parameter investigated | Ref. | Year | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| Translucency parameter (CIELab) | Yang et al. [86] | 2020 | Translucency parameters of conventionally sintered ZW and XT higher than those of other conventionally sintered materials; No significant differences between the translucency parameters of conventionally sintered and rapid-sintered UW, UT, and HT. |
| Liu et al. [87] | 2022 | Translucency parameters of conventionally sintered samples comparable to those of corresponding speed-sintered samples, except XT, whose translucency parameter was calculated using the colorimeter “DD.” | |
| Contrast ratio | Moratal et al. [19] | 2021 | Contrast ratio of conventionally sintered NK00 similar to that of microwave-sintered NK00. |
| Light transmittance | Kim et al. [58] | 2013 | Light transmittances of microwave-sintered Lava and KaVo higher than those of conventionally sintered Lava and KaVo. |
| Jansen et al. [41] | 2019 | Light transmittances of conventionally sintered ZD and HT+ (all thicknesses) and ZI (thickness of 2.5–3 mm) higher than those of corresponding speed-sintered samples. | |
| Li et al. [54] | 2019 | Light transmittance of rapid-sintered sample (R-1) lower than those of conventionally sintered and rapid-sintered samples (R-2 and R-3, respectively). | |
| Three-point flexural strength | Jansen et al. [41] | 2019 | No significant differences between three-point flexural strengths of conventionally sintered and speed-sintered samples for a given type of zirconia. |
| Yang et al. [86] | 2020 | No significant differences between three-point flexural strengths of conventionally sintered and speed-sintered samples for a given type of zirconia. | |
| Ai et al. [61] | 2015 | Three-point flexural strength of microwave-sintered sample higher than that of conventionally sintered sample. | |
| Biaxial flexural strength | Yang et al. [86] | 2020 | No significant differences between biaxial flexural strengths of conventionally sintered and speed-sintered samples for a given type of zirconia. |
| Fracture toughness | Presenda et al. [60] | 2015 | No significant differences between biaxial flexural strengths of conventionally sintered and microwave-sintered LAVA and TOSOH. Fracture toughness of microwave-sintered VITA lower than that of conventionally sintered VITA. |
| Presenda et al. [59] | 2017 | No considerable differences between fracture toughnesses of conventionally sintered and speed-sintered samples. | |
| Ai et al. [61] | 2015 | Flexural toughness of microwave-sintered sample higher than that of conventionally sintered sample. | |
| Borrell et al. [34] | 2013 | At 1400 °C, flexural toughness of conventionally sintered and microwave (5 min)-sintered samples higher than those of microwave (10 and 15 min)-sintered samples. | |
| Moratal et al. [19] | 2021 | Fracture toughness of microwave (1200 °C)-sintered NK00 higher than those of conventionally sintered and microwave (1300 °C)-sintered NK00 samples. | |
| Hardness | Presenda et al. [60] | 2015 | No statistical differences between the hardnesses of conventionally sintered and microwave-sintered LAVA and VITA. Hardness of microwave-sintered TOSOH higher than those of other microwave-sintered samples. |
| Presenda et al. [56] | 2017 | 3Y-TZP hardness values: conventionally sintered, 13.9 ± 0.4 GPa; microwave-sintered, 13.9 ± 0.8 GPa (1200 °C) and 14.7 ± 0.6 GPa (1300 °C). | |
| Presenda et al. [59] | 2017 | LAVA hardness values: conventionally sintered, 12.9 ± 0.2 GPa; microwave-sintered, 13.6 ± 0.3 GPa. LAB zirconia hardness values: conventionally sintered, 13.0 ± 0.1 GPa; microwave-sintered, 13.4 ± 0.4 GPa. |
|
| Presenda et al. [99] | 2015 | LAVA hardness values: conventionally sintered, 15.9 ± 0.5 GPa, whereas that of microwave-sintered LAVA was 15.8 ± 0.6 GPa. LAB zirconia hardness values: conventionally sintered, 17.0 ± 0.4 GPa; microwave-sintered, 16.8 ± 0.6 GPa. |
|
| Yang et al. [86] | 2020 | No significant differences between hardness values of conventionally sintered and speed-sintered samples. | |
| Cokic et al. [22] | 2020 | Hardness of speed-sintered sample higher than that of conventionally sintered sample. | |
| Ai et al. [61] | 2015 | Hardness of microwave-sintered sample higher than that of conventionally sintered sample. | |
| Borrell et al. [34] | 2013 | At 1400 °C, hardness of conventionally sintered sample lower than that of microwave-sintered sample. | |
| Li et al. [54] | 2019 | Hardness values: conventionally sintered sample, 13.4 ± 0.2 GPa; rapid-sintered samples, 13.6 ± 0.2 (R-1), 13.4 ± 0.3 (R-2), and 13.3 ± 0.1 GPa (R-3). | |
| Moratal et al. [19] | 2021 | Hardness of microwave (1300 °C)-sintered sample higher than those of conventionally sintered and microwave (1200 °C)-sintered samples. | |
| Han et al. [55] | 2018 | Hardness of rapid-sintered sample higher than that of conventionally sintered sample. | |
| Ribeiro et al. [57] | 2019 | Hardness of microwave-sintered coprecipitated powder-made zirconia lower than that of conventionally sintered sample. No statistical differences between hardness values of conventionally sintered and microwave-sintered pre-sintered zirconia samples. |