Table 3.
Multilevel Logistic Regression for Smoking Cessation among Ever Smokers (Weighted n = 14,591,458)
| Variables | Weighted % | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed-effects | ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 19.9 | ref | ||
| Female | 42.5 | 3.1 | 2.62-3.67 | <0.001 |
| Age group (year) | ||||
| 15-24 | 16.8 | ref | ||
| 25-44 | 16.6 | 0.9 | 0.72-1.13 | 0.382 |
| 45-64 | 26.6 | 1.84 | 1.46-2.31 | <0.001 |
| 65+ | 38.3 | 2.83 | 2.21-3.65 | <0.001 |
| Region of accommodation | ||||
| Rural area | 19.6 | ref | ||
| Urban area | 27.5 | 1.22 | 1.21-1.33 | <0.001 |
| Education level | ||||
| Primary education or lower | 18.9 | ref | ||
| Secondary school education | 22.7 | 1.27 | 1.15-1.40 | <0.001 |
| High school education | 22.7 | 1.34 | 1.19-1.50 | <0.001 |
| Tertiary education | 31.2 | 1.75 | 1.50-2.04 | <0.001 |
| Occupation | ||||
| Unemployed | 32.8 | ref | ||
| Housekeepers/students/retired | 45.5 | 1.21 | 0.99-1.46 | 0.056 |
| Freelancers | 19.5 | 0.58 | 0.49-0.69 | <0.001 |
| Knowledge workers | 21.8 | 0.67 | 0.55-0.82 | <0.001 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 18 | ref | ||
| Married | 23.3 | 1.5 | 1.26-1.78 | <0.001 |
| Divorced/ separated/ widow | 25.9 | 1.21 | 0.92-1.59 | 0.172 |
| Perception of harmful effects of smoking | ||||
| No | 22.4 | ref | ||
| Yes | 24.7 | 1.23 | 1.13-1.34 | <0.001 |
| Random-effects | Estimate | SE | 95% CI | |
| Variation | 0.23 | 0.02 | 0.23-0.32 | |
Note: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ref, reference group; SE, standard error; Knowledge worker, civil servants, non-state-owned organization employees; Freelancer, workers who are not employed in state organizations or non-state-owned organizations; Unemployed: not currently in work, incapable to work.