Factors associated with de novo renal flare development. Forest plots illustrating results from univariable (left) and multivariable (right) Cox regression analysis, investigating predictors of de novo renal flare development. (+), positive levels; anti-dsDNA, anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies; anti-RNP, anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies; anti-Sm, anti-Smith antibodies; BAFF, B cell activating factor belonging to the TNF ligand family; BMI, body mass index; C3, complement component 3; C4, complement component 4; cSLEDAI-2K, clinical Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio; Ig, immunoglobulin; IV, intravenous; LAC, lupus anticoagulant; SC, subcutaneous; SDI: Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Damage Index; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; UPCR, urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio.