Table 2.
Effects of treatment on study outcomes at 18 months
|
Outcomes |
Controls (n = 89) | Vitamin K2 (n = 89) | Unadjusted Effect Measurea (95% CI) |
P-Value | Adjusted Effect Measurea (95% CI) |
P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome | ||||||
| Geometric mean CAC score (IQR) | 1043.54 (438.06–2975.90) | 882.05 (298.89–2194.58) | 0.85 (0.55–1.31) | 0.45 | 0.93 (0.71–1.21) | 0.58 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||
| Geometric mean AVC score (IQR)b | 31.39 (12.29–145.72) | 25.77 (10.37–155.88) | 0.82 (0.34–1.98) | 0.66 | 0.82 (0.40–1.69) | 0.60 |
| Number of patients with regression of CAC ≥ 10% (%) | 1 (1.5) | 3 (4.2) | 2.91 (0.23–155.11) | 0.62 | 2.95 (0.30–29.25) | 0.36 |
| Mean dp-ucMGP (SD) pmol/l | 2986 (1113) | 2500 (1075) | −486 (−854 to −117) | 0.01 | −525 (−823 to −226) | 0.001 |
| Mean cfPWV (SD) m/s | 10.72 (2.91) | 11.27 (3.19) | 0.55 (−0.50 to 1.60) | 0.30 | 0.24 (−0.53 to 1.01) | 0.9 |
| Mean Aortic AIx (SD) | 29 (11) | 29 (10) | 0.13 (−3.55 to 3.80) | 0.90 | 0.01 (−3.10 to 3.12) | 0.9 |
AIx, augmentation index; AVC, aortic valve calcification; CAC, coronary artery calcification; cfPWV, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; CI, confidence interval; dp-ucMGP, dephosphorylated undercarboxylated MGP; IQR, interquartile range; MGP, matrix GLA protein; SD, standard deviation.
Baseline values and diabetes mellitus were adjusted for in primary and secondary outcomes analyses.
a
The effect measures refers to relative mean difference (ratio of geometric means) for CAC score and AVC score, odds ratio for regression of CAC≥10%, and absolute mean difference for dp-ucMGP, cfPWV and aortic AIx.
b
56 patients had an AVC score of zero after 18 months.