Table I.
Cross-sectional analysis (N = 79)
| Variable | |
|---|---|
| Disease duration, mean ± SD | 12.1 ± 10.3 |
| Patient Global Assessment, n (%) Mild Moderate Severe Very severe |
25 (31.6) 36 (45.6) 14 (17.7) 4 (5.1) |
| Antibody status, n (%) Antinuclear antibodies Anti-centromere-antibodies Anti-Scl-70-antibodies Anti-RNA polymerase 3 antibodies Anti-PmScl antibodies Anti-U1-RNP antibodies |
77 (97.5) 28 (35.4) 24 (30.4) 6 (7.6) 4 (5.1) 6 (7.6) |
| Diagnosis, n (%) Limited systemic sclerosis Diffuse systemic sclerosis Systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma Mixed connective tissue disease Considered systemic sclerosis Special form |
49 (62) 13 (16.5) 2 (2.5) 10 (12.7) 4 (5.1) 1 (1.3) |
| Organ involvement, n (%) Raynaud’s phenomenon Scleroderma Calcification Acral ulcerations Pits Pulmonary hypertension Pulmonary fibrosis Oesophagus Stomach/small intestine Colon Kidneys Heart Locomotor system Nervous system Sicca symptoms Masticatory organ |
75 (94.9) 74 (93.7) 15 (19.0) 29 (36.7) 37 (46.8) 13 (16.5) 32 (40.5) 43 (54.4) 2 (2.5) 6 (7.6) 7 (8.9) 19 (24.1) 20 (25.3) 1 (1.3) 23 (29.1) 6 (7.5) |
| mRSS, n (%) 0–4 5–8 9–14 15–28 |
51 (64.6) 16 (20.3) 7 (8.9) 5 (6.3) |
| mRSS, mean ± SD | 5.1 ± 6.1 |
| EUSTAR, mean ± SD) | 2.5 ± 1.8 |
| EUSTAR ≥ 3, n (%) | 37 (46.8) |
| Current symptoms, n (%) Ulcers/pits Synovitis Contractures Tendon rubbing 3-fold creatine kinase elevation Muscle weakness Muscle atrophy Reflux/dysphagia Diarrhoea/obstipation Vomiting Renal insufficiency Dialysis Dyspnoea New York Heart Association III/IV Palpitations Conduction disorders Polyneuropathy Trigeminal neuralgia |
27 (34.2) 8 (10.1) 22 (27.8) 11 (13.9) 2 (2.5) 10 (12.7) 5 (6.3) 25 (31.6) 11 (13.9) 4 (5.1) 8 (10.1) 1 (1.3) 13 (16.5) 7 (8.9) 3 (3.8) 7 (8.9) 2 (2.5) |
| Pain, n (%) Mild Severe Very severe |
32 (40.5) 33 (41.8) 14 (17.7) |
| Current therapy, n (%) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Low-dose systemic glucocorticoids Immunosuppressants Vasodilators Ultraviolet therapy Physiotherapy |
24 (30.4) 13 (16.5) 22 (27.8) 39 (49.4) 8 (10.1) 56 (70.9) |
| Health Assessment Questionnaire, mean ± SD | 0.7 ± 0.7 |
| EQ-5D-3L, mean ± SD | 0.73 ± 0.26 |
| EQ-5D-3L < 0.93, n (%) | 74 (93.7) |
| EQ-5D-VAS, mean ± SD | 59.4 ± 21.7 |
| EQ-5D-VAS < 77.3, n (%) | 59 (74.7) |
| CES-D, mean ± SD, (Missing data: 1) | 16.6 ± 9.6 |
| CES-D ≥ 16, n (%), (Missing data: 1) | 33 (42.3) |
SD: standard deviation; CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; EQ-5D-3L: EuroQoL questionare with a 3-level version of 5 dimension; EQ-5D-VAS: EuroQoL questionare with a visual analogue scale.