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. 2023 Sep 11;154(3):1505–1525. doi: 10.1121/10.0020847

TABLE IV.

Model settings for matches for participant S1 across all conditions. Diff represents the difference in the model setting for a given condition from the normal pitch, normal loudness condition. Positive difference values indicate an increase in that parameter and negative difference values indicate a decrease in that parameter. Conv., convergent.

Normal pitch, normal loudness Higher pitch, normal loudness Normal pitch, loud Normal pitch, soft
Model settings Model settings Diff Model settings Diff Model settings Diff
Model prephonatory settings Vocal tract segment 1 (cm2) 9 5 –4 5 –4 5 –4
Vocal tract segment 2 (cm2) 7 7 0 7 0 7 0
Vocal tract segment 3 (cm2) 3 7 +4 7 +4 4 +1
Vocal tract segment 4 (cm2) 1.7 1.2 –0.5 1.2 –0.5 1 –0.7
Vocal tract segment 5 (cm2) 1.7 1.2 –0.5 1.2 –0.5 2 +0.3
Vocal tract segment 6 (cm2) 5 2 –3 2 –3 3.5 –1.5
K0 (dyne/cm) 100 000 100 000 0 60 000 –40 000 60 000 –40 000
K1 (dyne/cm) 50 000 50 000 0 30 000 –20 000 30 000 –20 000
K2 (dyne/cm) 25 000 25 000 0 15 000 –10 000 15 000 –10 000
K3 (dyne/cm) 2500 2500 0 1500 –1000 1500 –1000
Kcp (dyne/cm) 7812.50 7812.50 0 4687.5 –3125 4687.5 –3125
Kc (dyne/cm) 7812.50 7812.50 0 4687.5 –3125 4687.5 –3125
Angle (deg) (pos = divergent; neg = convergent) 0 –13 (conv.) –13 0 0 –5 (conv.) –5
m1 and m2 (g) 0.092188 0.04375 –0.04813 0.09375 +0.001562 0.060625 –0.031563
m3 (g) 0.018438 0.00875 –0.009688 0.01875 +0.00031 0.012125 –0.006313
Glottal diameter (cm) 0.0051 0.045 +0.0399 0 –0.0051 0.026 +0.0209
False vocal fold gap (cm) 0.4 0.4 0 0.45 +0.05 0.3 –0.1
Posterior glottal gap (cm) 0.0699 0.12 +0.0501 0.02 –0.0499 0.131 +0.0611