. 2023 Sep 12;13:15092. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41586-4

Table 3.

Effect of camel milk and silymarin on some biochemical values for rats fed on diet containing 1.4 mg aflatoxin B1/kg diet for 21 and 28 days.

Groups items	Day	Control	Camel milk	Silymarin	Aflatoxin	Aflatoxin + camel milk	Aflatoxin + Silymarin
ALT (U/L)	21	57.60 ± 1.57^cX	53.80 ± 2.35^cX	56.20 ± 0.80^cX	71.40 ± 1.86^aX	55.00 ± 1.52^cX	66.40 ± 1.44^bX
ALT (U/L)	28	76.0 ± 1.41^bY	56.20 ± 0.97 ^dX	65.4 ± 0.68^cY	85.0 ± 1.26^aY	59.2 ± 0.97^dX	81.20 ± 2.43^Ay
AST (U/L)	21	289.0 ± 1.22^cX	263.8 ± 1.16^dX	266.2 ± 2.60^dX	330.0 ± 2.07^aX	302.4 ± 2.04^bX	290.0 ± 2.57^cX
AST (U/L)	28	306.4 ± 2.69^eY	294.4 ± 2.16^fY	329.4 ± 0.68^dY	412.2 ± 2.65^aY	373.2 ± 2.08^cY	385.2 ± 1.93^bY
T. Protein (g/dl)	21	7.79 ± 0.41^abX	7.90 ± 0.18^abX	8.25 ± 0.16^aX	7.27 ± 0.12^bX	7.30 ± 0.24^bX	7.44 ± 0.09^bX
T. Protein (g/dl)	28	7.08 ± 0.07^abX	7.55 ± 0.16^aX	7.31 ± 0.21^abY	6.93 ± 0.09^bX	6.94 ± 0.30^bX	7.30 ± 0.08^abX
Albumin (g/dl)	21	4.13 ± 0.19^aX	4.31 ± 0.34^aX	4.51 ± 0.33^aX	3.84 ± 0.1^aX	4.04 ± 0.19^aX	4.16 ± 0.14^aX
Albumin (g/dl)	28	3.96 ± 0.13^abX	4.39 ± 0.06^aX	4.26 ± 0.06^aX	3.63 ± 0.24^bX	3.99 ± 0.12^abX	3.99 ± 0.24^abX
Globulin (g/dl)	21	3.14 ± 0.24^aX	3.75 ± 0.37^aX	3.74 ± 0.41^aX	3.28 ± 0.15^aX	3.59 ± 0.22^aX	3.46 ± 0.22^aX
Globulin (g/dl)	28	3.12 ± 0.17^aX	3.31 ± 0.37^aX	3.31 ± 0.19^aX	2.67 ± 0.10^aX	3.16 ± 0.21^aX	3.30 ± 0.27^aX
Ferritin (mg/dl)	21	1.50 ± 0.09^bX	1.57 ± 0.13^bX	1.63 ± 0.12^bX	1.37 ± 0.07d^X	1.42 ± 0.13^bX	2.09 ± 0.07^aX
Ferritin (mg/dl)	28	2.12 ± 0.26^bcY	2.66 ± 0.22^abY	2.97 ± 0.36^aY	1.32 ± 0.10^bX	1.55 ± 0.21^cdX	1.55 ± 0.06^cdY
Alpha fetoprotein (ng/mL)	21	5.57 ± 0.32^bX	2.14 ± 0.44^cX	5.39 ± 0.49^bX	8.56 ± 0.12^aX	4.74 ± 0.21^bX	7.84 ± 0.15^aX
Alpha fetoprotein (ng/mL)	28	8.66 ± 0.16^bY	1.46 ± 0.14^dY	4.68 ± 0.26^cY	10.56 ± 0.18^aY	8.95 ± 0.37^bY	10.13 ± 0.42^aY
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ng/mL	21	0.07 ± 0.00^dX	0.24 ± 0.00^cX	0.09 ± 0.00 ^dX	0.62 ± 0.02^aX	0.29 ± 0.01^bX	0.40 ± 0.02^dX
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ng/mL	28	0.51 ± 0.02^By	0.25 ± 0.02^cY	0.26 ± 0.01^cY	0.86 ± 0.06^aY	0.53 ± 0.03^bY	0.58 ± 0.02^bY

Values are means ± standard error. Mean values with different subscript letters (a–f) at the same row significantly differ at (P ≤ 0.05). Mean values with different subscript letters (X–Y) at the same column significantly differ at (P ≤ 0.05).