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. 2023 Sep 12;13:15051. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41758-2

Table 1.

Between-group comparison of study population characteristics pre-market entry.

Ashdod region (study group) Netanya region (control group) p value
n 94,575 80,200
Agea

32.54 ± 22.96

(29.00, 36.00)

36.28 ± 24.19

(35.00, 40.00)

p < 0.001b
Female (%) 50.38 51.20 p < 0.001c
Morbidities (%)
 Cardiovascular disease 4.90 5.08 p = 0.083c
 Diabetics 6.85 6.32 p < 0.001c
 Hypertension 16.18 15.01 p < 0.001c
 Kidney disease 5.75 6.72 p < 0.001c
 Oncology disorders 3.87 5.02 p < 0.001c
Private health insurance coverage (%) 87.75 87.37 p = 0.015c
Socioeconomic statusa,d

4.60 ± 1.70

(5.00, 3.00)

6.12 ± 1.61

(6.00, 2.00)

p < 0.001b

aValues are average ± SD (median, IQR).

bMann–Whitney U test.

cχ2 test.

dSocioeconomic status ranges between 1(the lowest level) and 10 (the highest level), according to Points (Location Intelligence) measurement23, 24.