Table 2.
Prevalence of discriminatory attitudes by socio-economic characteristics in high HIV prevalence states of India, 2016–21.
| Characteristics | Men | Women | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NFHS-4 | NFHS-5 | NFHS-4 | NFHS-5 | |
| Age (in years) | ||||
| 15–24 | 28.28 | 31.62 | 34.07 | 42.55 |
| 25–29 | 28.08 | 26.57 | 36 | 39.16 |
| 30–34 | 32.32 | 32.93 | 41.65 | 46.76 |
| Educational status | ||||
| No formal education | 43.91 | 42.02 | 51.24 | 51.22 |
| Primary | 36.7 | 39.33 | 44.06 | 48.76 |
| Secondary | 29.44 | 30.97 | 35.4 | 41.73 |
| Higher | 19.35 | 18.85 | 22.38 | 32.55 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Never in union | 27.33 | 29.3 | 32.25 | 39.48 |
| Currently in union | 30.34 | 29.85 | 37.85 | 42.61 |
| Formerly in union | 26.28 | 30.7 | 39.43 | 43.93 |
| Mass media exposure | ||||
| No exposure | 40.81 | 33.44 | 47.59 | 43.87 |
| Mass media exposure | 28.56 | 28.55 | 35.88 | 41.48 |
| Wealth quintile | ||||
| Poorest | 41.05 | 40.83 | 46.16 | 51.43 |
| Poorer | 34.72 | 37.09 | 45.2 | 46.64 |
| Middle | 31.28 | 32.44 | 41.25 | 43.76 |
| Richer | 28.12 | 28.12 | 35.84 | 42.17 |
| Richest | 23.09 | 21.04 | 27.85 | 35.05 |
| Religion | ||||
| Hindu | 29.17 | 30.12 | 37.49 | 42.91 |
| Muslim | 29.85 | 30.52 | 34.5 | 40.24 |
| Christian | 28.37 | 24.18 | 34.25 | 38.46 |
| Others | 26.87 | 21.78 | 26.4 | 27.34 |
| Caste | ||||
| Scheduled Caste (SC) | 30.93 | 32.08 | 40.14 | 43.55 |
| Scheduled Tribes (ST) | 33.43 | 35.6 | 40.68 | 44.15 |
| Other Backward Caste (OBC) | 30.92 | 30.22 | 37.74 | 45.49 |
| Others | 23.05 | 24.61 | 30.5 | 30.51 |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 26.99 | 25.08 | 33.19 | 38.92 |
| Rural | 31.19 | 33.19 | 40.08 | 44.43 |
| Comprehensive knowledge | ||||
| No | 36.41 | 36.21 | 42.67 | 48.6 |
| Yes | 16.64 | 18.69 | 18.82 | 27.15 |
| Knowledge of mother-to-child transmission | ||||
| No | 30.82 | 31.34 | 39.93 | 46.26 |
| Yes | 27.87 | 28.37 | 35.2 | 40.64 |
| Used condom at last sex | ||||
| No | 29.54 | 30.28 | 37.07 | 42.66 |
| Yes | 22.99 | 22.92 | 29.76 | 31.45 |
| State | ||||
| Andhra Pradesh | 25.39 | 29.21 | 36.23 | 38.63 |
| Karnataka | 24.74 | 26.96 | 38.71 | 36.35 |
| Maharashtra | 23.2 | 27.51 | 29.11 | 30.79 |
| Manipur | 17.04 | 16.33 | 21.33 | 19.51 |
| Mizoram | 12.41 | 10.29 | 13.25 | 13.68 |
| Nagaland | 46.76 | 23.3 | 50.46 | 29.58 |
| Tamilnadu | 36.92 | 52.14 | 41.69 | 64.97 |
| Telangana | 39.92 | 31.68 | 41.24 | 44.71 |
| Total | 29.14 | 29.64 | 36.74 | 42.04 |