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. 2023 Sep 12;14:5600. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41329-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Overview of the study. b Glucose excursions during the oral glucose tolerance test. One person who was randomised to the FFT group had progressed to type 2 diabetes, which was not apparent at the time of screening. c Total area under the curve (AUC) for glucose, and d for C-peptide did not significantly differ between the groups. Within both groups there was a small increase in glucose AUC between day 0 and 28, which was nominal significant within the FFT group, although this significance disappeared after correction for multiple testing. e Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) measures did not significantly differ between the groups, but significantly increased from day 0 to day 28 in both groups. f Glucose variability, expressed as time between 3.9-10 mmol/L glucose, improved only within the FFT group between day 0 and day 28, which was nominal significant, but disappeared after correcting for multiple testing. Sample size for both FFT and placebo group is n = 12 subjects in all plots. Box plots show the median (middle line), 25th, and 75th percentile (box), with the 25th percentile minus and the 75th percentile plus 1.5 times the interquartile range (whiskers), and outliers (single points). P-values according to paired two-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.