Table 3.
Treatment and outcomes of COVID-19 and influenza patients with coinfection.
| COVID-19 N = 123 | Influenza N = 145 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None N = 82 | Coinfection N = 41 | p | None N = 94 | Coinfection N = 51 | p | |
| Treatment, n% | – | – | – | |||
| Paxlovid | 42 (54.5) | 25 (62.5) | 0.409 | – | – | – |
| Corticosteroids | 66 (85.7) | 37 (92.5) | 0.376 | – | – | – |
| Anticoagulation | 71 (92.2) | 40 (100) | 0.093 | – | – | – |
| Bacterial antibiotic | 71 (92.2) | 40 (100) | 0.093 | – | – | – |
| Antifungal antibiotic | 24 (31.6) | 32 (80) | <0.001 | – | – | – |
| Barotrauma | 7 (11.5) | 6 (16.2) | 0.548 | 4 (4.3) | 4 (7.8) | 0.452 |
| Acute kidney injury, n% | 15 (20.3) | 18 (51.4) | 0.001 | 38 (40.4) | 24 (47.1) | 0.441 |
| Cardiovascular failure, n% | 27 (36.5) | 15 (42.9) | 0.523 | 21 (22.3) | 14 (27.5) | 0.492 |
| Acute liver injury, n% | 10 (13.5) | 3 (8.6) | 0.543 | 14 (14.9) | 5 (9.8) | 0.386 |
| Hospital acquired pneumonia, n% | 31 (37.8) | 23 (56.1) | 0.054 | 48 (51.1) | 28 (54.9) | 0.659 |
| Urinary infection, n% | 4 (5.3) | 0 | 0.299 | 1 (1.1) | 1 (2) | 1 |
| Abdominal infection, n% | 2 (2.7) | 1 (2.8) | 1 | 0 | 2 (3.9) | 0.122 |
| Bloodstream infection, n% | 3 (4) | 4 (11) | 0.211 | 2 (2.1) | 2 (3.9) | 0.613 |
| Deep venous thrombosis, n% | 19 (25.7) | 9 (25.7) | 0.997 | – | – | – |
| Pulmonary embolism, n% | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.8) | 0.549 | – | – | – |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding, n% | 15 (20.3) | 11 (31.4) | 0.202 | – | – | – |
| The need of CRRT, n% | 18 (26.1) | 13 (34.2) | 0.375 | 30 (31.9) | 20 (39.2) | 0.377 |
| The need of tracheal intubation, n% | 36 (44.4) | 33 (80.5) | <0.001 | 66 (71) | 39 (76.5) | 0.477 |
| The need of tracheotomy, n% | 19 (23.8) | 23 (56.1) | <0.001 | – | – | – |
| The need of ECMO, n% | 3 (4.1) | 8 (20.5) | 0.008 | 25 (26.6) | 11 (21.6) | 0.503 |
| The need of prone position, n% | 19 (25.7) | 24 (61.5) | <0.001 | – | – | – |
| The need of recruitment, n% | 4 (5.6) | 3 (7.9) | 0.691 | – | – | – |
| The length of IPPV, days | 0 (0–7.5) | 6 (0.25–17) | 0.003 | 11 (6–23.75) | 7 (4–16.25) | 0.126 |
| ICU length of stay, days | 8 (3–14) | 9 (6–20) | 0.121 | 11 (6–21) | 9 (6–19.75) | 0.497 |
| Hospital length of stay, days | 12 (7–18) | 16 (7–25) | 0.287 | 20 (10–59) | 17 (10–28) | 0.877 |
| Hospital survival, n% | 37 (45.1) | 12 (9.8) | 0.152 | 54 (57.4) | 54 (45.1) | 0.325 |
CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IPPV, intensive positive–pressure ventilation; ICU, intensive care unit.