Table 3.
Examination of the characteristics of patients followed for DKA according to time period
| Parameter | Total patients | Pandemic status |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-pandemic (n=41) | Pandemic (n=18) | |||
| Newly diagnosed | 40 (100) | 29 (72.5) | 11 (27.5) | 0.33a) |
| Female | 37 (62.7) | 25 (42.2) | 12 (20.3) | 0.67a) |
| Age (yr) | 11±5 | 11±5 | 12±5 | 0.45b) |
| Diabetes diagnosis age (yr) | 9±4 | 9±4 | 9±4 | 0.74b) |
| Height (cm) | 149±27 | 143±26 | 148±27 | 0.51b) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 16.8±4.6 | 17.9±4.3 | 18.2±5.4 | 0.94b) |
| Height z-score | 0.39 (–6.6 to 4.0) | 0.1 (–6.1 to 4.0) | 0.5 (–6.6 to 3.9) | 0.66c) |
| BMI z-score | –0.4±1.7 | –0.3±1.6 | –0.8±1.9 | 0.36b) |
| Body weight (kg) | 40±19 | 38±19 | 42±20 | 0.53b) |
| Symptom duration (day) | 7.0±10.3 | 7.0±9.9 | 6.0±11.4 | 0.54c) |
| PICU length of stay (hr) | 25.0±9.7 | 25.5±10.1 | 23.6±8.9 | 0.51b) |
| Hospital stay (day) | 9±4 | 9±4 | 8±4 | 0.18c) |
| GCS | 15.0±2.4 | 13.5±2.5 | 12.8±2.3 | 0.22b) |
| PRISM III score | 8.7±2.1 | 8.0±2.0 | 10.0±2.0 | 0.02c) |
| Total saline bolus (ml/kg) | 10±7 | 10±8 | 10±6 | 0.79c) |
| Blood glucose (mg/dl) | 466±129 | 452±139 | 491±103 | 0.35b) |
| HbA1c (%) | 11.8±3.3 | 11.8±3.4 | 11.8±3.0 | 0.91b) |
| pH | 7.10±0.13 | 7.13±0.13 | 7.03±0.10 | 0.01c) |
| pCO2 | 21.3±11.3 | 21.5±12.7 | 17.2±5.4 | 0.09b) |
| HCO3 | 7.0±3.8 | 8.4±4 | 4.2±2.4 | 0.01c) |
| Lactate | 2.0±1.4 | 2.4±1.7 | 1.9±1.3 | 0.01b) |
| Leukocyte (×109/L) | 14,584±8,017 | 16,672±9,445 | 12,970±7,087 | 0.003b) |
| Neutrophil (×109/L) | 10,047±7,823 | 12,300±8,853 | 8,211±6,915 | 0.02b) |
Values are presented as number (%), mean±standard deviation, or median (range).
DKA: diabetic ketoacidosis; BMI: body mass index; PICU: pediatric intensive care unit; GCS: Glasgow coma score; PRISM: Pediatric Risk of Mortality.
a)
Chi-square test;
b)
Independent samples t-test;
c)
Mann-Whitney U-test.