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. 2023 Aug 11;13:1219161. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1219161

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Copyright © 2023 Awan, Khattak, Ahmed, Guo, Akhtar, Kamran, Yongjing, Liu and Khan

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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This image depicts the potential pathways implicated in BC pathogenesis. The oncogenic proteins of HPV, E6 and E7, interfere with different pathways by inactivating tumor suppressor genes. Consequently, overexpression of E6 and E7 may contribute to BC progression.