Table 1.
Trends in crude and standardised rates for prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among men and women aged 18-69 years in China, by year of survey
| Survey year | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 2007 | 2010 | 2013 | 2015 | 2018 | ||
| Crude rate (95% CI) | |||||||
| Overall: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 24.9 (24.4 to 25.3) | 28.8 (28.4 to 29.3) | 34.8 (34.5 to 35.2) | 33.1 (32.8 to 33.3) | 36.6 (36.4 to 36.8) | 38.1 (37.8 to 38.3) | |
| Awareness | 30.8 (29.8 to 31.9) | 33.2 (32.4 to 34.0) | 35.8 (35.2 to 36.3) | 37.8 (37.4 to 38.2) | 37.6 (37.2 to 38.0) | 45.7 (45.3 to 46.1) | |
| Treatment | 26.1 (25.1 to 27.1) | 26.8 (26.1 to 27.6) | 30.3 (29.8 to 30.8) | 34.5 (34.1 to 34.9) | 33.6 (33.2 to 33.9) | 41.9 (41.5 to 42.3) | |
| Control | 7.0 (6.4 to 7.6) | 6.1 (5.7 to 6.5) | 5.8 (5.5 to 6.1) | 10.7 (10.4 to 11.0) | 9.4 (9.2 to 9.7) | 13.7 (13.4 to 14.0) | |
| Men: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 26.5 (25.7 to 27.2) | 28.8 (28.2 to 29.4) | 36.5 (36.0 to 37.0) | 34.9 (34.5 to 35.2) | 38.8 (38.5 to 39.2) | 40.9 (40.5 to 41.3) | |
| Awareness | 25.0 (23.6 to 26.5) | 30.0 (28.8 to 31.1) | 32.4 (31.7 to 33.2) | 34.6 (34.0 to 35.2) | 33.8 (33.3 to 34.4) | 41.8 (41.2 to 42.4) | |
| Treatment | 20.1 (18.7 to 21.4) | 23.3 (22.2 to 24.3) | 26.1 (25.4 to 26.8) | 30.8 (30.2 to 31.4) | 29.5 (28.9 to 30.0) | 37.6 (37.1 to 38.2) | |
| Control | 5.5 (4.7 to 6.2) | 5.3 (4.8 to 5.9) | 5.2 (4.8 to 5.5) | 9.7 (9.3 to 10.1) | 8.6 (8.2 to 8.9) | 12.3 (11.9 to 12.7) | |
| Women: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 23.6 (23.0 to 24.2) | 28.9 (28.3 to 29.5) | 33.5 (33.0 to 33.9) | 31.8 (31.4 to 32.1) | 34.7 (34.4 to 35.0) | 35.9 (35.6 to 36.2) | |
| Awareness | 35.9 (34.4 to 37.4) | 36.1 (35.0 to 37.2) | 38.8 (38.1 to 39.6) | 40.4 (39.9 to 41.0) | 41.1 (40.6 to 41.7) | 49.1 (48.5 to 49.6) | |
| Treatment | 31.5 (30.0 to 32.9) | 30.0 (28.9 to 31.0) | 34.2 (33.4 to 34.9) | 37.5 (36.9 to 38.0) | 37.5 (36.9 to 38.0) | 45.7 (45.2 to 46.3) | |
| Control | 8.4 (7.5 to 9.2) | 6.8 (6.2 to 7.4) | 6.4 (6.0 to 6.8) | 11.5 (11.1 to 11.9) | 10.3 (9.9 to 10.6) | 15.0 (14.6 to 15.4) | |
| Urban: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 26.5 (25.7 to 27.3) | 29.2 (28.6 to 29.9) | 35.0 (34.5 to 35.4) | 33.2 (32.9 to 33.6) | 36.1 (35.8 to 36.5) | 38.4 (38.0 to 38.7) | |
| Awareness | 39.7 (37.9 to 41.4) | 41.4 (40.0 to 42.7) | 39.5 (38.7 to 40.4) | 44.1 (43.5 to 44.8) | 42.5 (41.9 to 43.1) | 49.0 (48.4 to 49.6) | |
| Treatment | 33.1 (31.4 to 34.7) | 33.8 (32.5 to 35.0) | 33.9 (33.1 to 34.7) | 40.9 (40.2 to 41.5) | 38.8 (38.2 to 39.4) | 45.7 (45.1 to 46.3) | |
| Control | 9.3 (8.3 to 10.3) | 8.9 (8.1 to 9.6) | 8.2 (7.7 to 8.7) | 14.7 (14.3 to 15.2) | 12.7 (12.3 to 13.1) | 17.4 (17.0 to 17.9) | |
| Rural: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 23.8 (23.2 to 24.4) | 28.6 (28.1 to 29.1) | 34.8 (34.4 to 35.2) | 32.9 (32.6 to 33.2) | 37.0 (36.7 to 37.3) | 37.8 (37.5 to 38.1) | |
| Awareness | 24.7 (23.5 to 26.0) | 27.9 (27.0 to 28.9) | 33.3 (32.6 to 34.0) | 33.3 (32.8 to 33.8) | 34.0 (33.5 to 34.5) | 42.9 (42.4 to 43.4) | |
| Treatment | 21.3 (20.1 to 22.5) | 22.3 (21.4 to 23.2) | 27.9 (27.3 to 28.6) | 30.0 (29.4 to 30.5) | 29.8 (29.3 to 30.2) | 38.8 (38.2 to 39.3) | |
| Control | 5.5 (4.8 to 6.1) | 4.3 (3.9 to 4.8) | 4.2 (3.9 to 4.5) | 7.8 (7.5 to 8.1) | 7.1 (6.8 to 7.3) | 10.6 (10.2 to 10.9) | |
| Standardised rate (95% CI)* | |||||||
| Overall: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 20.8 (19.0 to 22.5) | 24.1 (22.2 to 26.0) | 29.6 (27.8 to 31.3) | 25.1 (24.1 to 26.1) | 25.2 (23.6 to 26.7) | 24.7 (23.2 to 26.1) | |
| Awareness | 30.8 (28.0 to 33.6) | 31.6 (29.0 to 34.2) | 33.7 (31.8 to 35.6) | 31.7 (30.0 to 33.3) | 32.6 (31.0 to 34.2) | 38.3 (36.3 to 40.4) | |
| Treatment | 25.9 (23.5 to 28.4) | 25.5 (23.1 to 27.9) | 27.9 (26.2 to 29.6) | 28.7 (27.1 to 30.3) | 28.5 (27.0 to 30.1) | 34.6 (32.6 to 36.7) | |
| Control | 7.1 (6.0 to 8.2) | 6.7 (5.4 to 7.9) | 5.5 (4.8 to 6.2) | 8.9 (7.9 to 9.8) | 8.8 (7.9 to 9.7) | 12.0 (10.6 to 13.4) | |
| Men: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 22.4 (20.3 to 24.4) | 24.2 (22.3 to 26.2) | 32.2 (30.3 to 34.0) | 27.4 (26.3 to 28.5) | 28.4 (26.6 to 30.2) | 29.0 (27.1 to 30.9) | |
| Awareness | 25.7 (23.0 to 28.4) | 29.2 (26.4 to 31.9) | 30.9 (29.0 to 32.7) | 29.0 (27.3 to 30.8) | 29.2 (27.5 to 30.9) | 34.3 (31.9 to 36.8) | |
| Treatment | 20.5 (18.2 to 22.8) | 22.4 (19.8 to 25.0) | 24.2 (22.5 to 25.8) | 25.7 (24.0 to 27.3) | 24.7 (23.2 to 26.3) | 30.3 (28.0 to 32.6) | |
| Control | 5.6 (4.5 to 6.8) | 6.0 (4.7 to 7.4) | 4.9 (4.2 to 5.5) | 8.3 (7.3 to 9.2) | 7.5 (6.6 to 8.4) | 10.3 (9.0 to 11.6) | |
| Women: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 19.2 (17.6 to 20.8) | 24.0 (21.9 to 26.1) | 26.8 (25.0 to 28.6) | 22.6 (21.6 to 23.7) | 21.8 (20.4 to 23.3) | 20.2 (18.6 to 21.8) | |
| Awareness | 37.0 (33.6 to 40.3) | 34.2 (31.2 to 37.2) | 37.2 (35.0 to 39.5) | 35.0 (33.1 to 36.8) | 37.2 (35.3 to 39.0) | 44.2 (42.1 to 46.3) | |
| Treatment | 32.5 (29.6 to 35.4) | 28.8 (26.3 to 31.3) | 32.5 (30.5 to 34.6) | 32.4 (30.6 to 34.2) | 33.7 (31.8 to 35.5) | 41.1 (39.0 to 43.3) | |
| Control | 8.8 (7.3 to 10.2) | 7.3 (5.9 to 8.8) | 6.3 (5.4 to 7.2) | 9.6 (8.5 to 10.6) | 10.6 (9.4 to 11.7) | 14.5 (12.3 to 16.7) | |
| Urban: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 20.5 (17.9 to 23.0) | 23.0 (20.7 to 25.4) | 28.9 (26.4 to 31.3) | 23.7 (22.2 to 25.2) | 23.9 (21.4 to 26.3) | 24.9 (22.8 to 27.1) | |
| Awareness | 36.3 (31.9 to 40.7) | 37.0 (33.0 to 41.1) | 35.6 (32.5 to 38.7) | 37.5 (34.6 to 40.5) | 36.3 (33.9 to 38.7) | 38.9 (35.6 to 42.2) | |
| Treatment | 29.9 (26.0 to 33.8) | 30.1 (26.3 to 34.0) | 29.6 (26.7 to 32.4) | 34.4 (31.5 to 37.2) | 32.3 (29.9 to 34.6) | 35.6 (32.4 to 38.8) | |
| Control | 8.4 (6.7 to 10.2) | 8.7 (6.5 to 10.8) | 7.1 (5.9 to 8.3) | 12.9 (11.0 to 14.8) | 11.3 (9.8 to 12.9) | 14.0 (11.6 to 16.4) | |
| Rural: | |||||||
| Hypertension | 21.2 (18.9 to 23.4) | 25.4 (22.5 to 28.3) | 30.4 (27.9 to 32.9) | 25.9 (24.6 to 27.2) | 26.7 (25.3 to 28.2) | 24.4 (22.4 to 26.3) | |
| Awareness | 24.5 (22.5 to 26.6) | 25.8 (23.7 to 27.9) | 31.5 (29.4 to 33.6) | 28.4 (26.6 to 30.2) | 28.7 (26.9 to 30.4) | 37.6 (35.4 to 39.8) | |
| Treatment | 21.4 (19.6 to 23.2) | 20.6 (18.7 to 22.5) | 26.1 (24.2 to 27.9) | 25.5 (23.8 to 27.2) | 24.6 (22.9 to 26.3) | 33.5 (31.2 to 35.7) | |
| Control | 5.5 (4.6 to 6.4) | 4.5 (3.6 to 5.3) | 3.8 (3.2 to 4.4) | 6.6 (5.8 to 7.4) | 6.1 (5.3 to 7.0) | 9.5 (8.1 to 11.0) | |
CI=confidence interval.
*
Rates weighted to 2010 census population in China.